{"id":3183,"date":"2024-05-24T11:08:10","date_gmt":"2024-05-24T11:08:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=3183"},"modified":"2025-11-04T09:13:24","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T09:13:24","slug":"understanding-what-influences-organ-donation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/zh\/2024\/05\/understanding-what-influences-organ-donation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e86\u89e3\u5f71\u54cd\u5668\u5b98\u6350\u732e\u7684\u56e0\u7d20"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7531\u82f1\u56fd\u8bfa\u68ee\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u674e\u00b7\u8c22\u6cfc\u5fb7\uff08Lee Shepherd\uff09\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u65af\u7279\u7075\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7f57\u5357\u00b7E\u00b7\u5965\u5361\u7f57\u5c14\uff08Ronan E. O\u2019Carroll\uff09\u6559\u6388\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u8bfa\u4e01\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u57c3\u8499\u00b7\u5f17\u683c\u68ee\uff08Eamonn Ferguson\uff09\u6559\u6388\u5171\u540c\u64b0\u7a3f<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5173\u4e8e\u6b7b\u8005\u5668\u5b98\u79fb\u690d\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.organdonation.nhs.uk\/helping-you-to-decide\/personal-stories\/how-organ-donors-change-lives\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u63d0\u4f9b\u751f\u547d\u7ebf<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5df2\u6545\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u6350\u732e\u8005\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.organdonation.nhs.uk\/get-involved\/news\/don-t-ditch-the-new-year-resolution-switch-it\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u591a\u8fbe\u4e5d\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u53ef\u4f9b\u79fb\u690d\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u592a\u5c11\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u77ed\u7f3a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u540d\u5355\u548c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u5668\u5b98\u4e4b\u524d\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u54ea\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u67d0\u4eba\u6b7b\u540e\u6350\u732e\u5668\u5b98\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><b>\u540c\u610f\u7acb\u6cd5<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5404\u56fd\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u6350\u732e\u8005\u540c\u610f\u7acb\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u9009\u62e9\u52a0\u5165\u540c\u610f\u2014\u2014<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u52a0\u5165\u540c\u610f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4eba\u4eec\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6350\u8d60\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u767b\u8bb0\uff09\u6765\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u613f\u610f\u5728\u6b7b\u540e\u79fb\u690d\u5668\u5b98\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u540c\u610f\u2014\u2014<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6709\u4e86\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u5728\u6b7b\u540e\u88ab\u79fb\u690d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3a\u975e\u6350\u8d60\u8005\u6216\u544a\u8bc9\u4eb2\u621a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u613f\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u8bbe\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u52a0\u5165\u767b\u8bb0\u518c\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52a8\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3a\u5668\u5b98\u6350\u732e\u8005\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u672a\u8868\u793a\u613f\u610f\u6210\u4e3a\u975e\u6350\u8d60\u8005\u7684\u4eba\u5747\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u652f\u6301\u6350\u8d60\u3002\u5728\u8f6f\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458\u4f1a\u88ab\u8be2\u95ee\u662f\u5426\u540c\u610f\u5668\u5b98\u79fb\u690d\u3002\u5728\u786c\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u79fb\u690d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u672a\u7ecf\u5bb6\u4eba\u8bb8\u53ef\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5305\u62ec<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12916-014-0131-4\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5185<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1091721\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5df2\u6545\u6350\u8d60\u7387\u9ad8\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u52a0\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2019.01.036\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u540c\u610f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecd\u7136\u6709<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edqm.eu\/en\/newsletter-transplant\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5668\u5b98\u7b49\u5f85\u540d\u5355<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-014-0131-4\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6d3b\u4f53\u6350\u8d60\u7387\u4e5f\u4f4e\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u52a0\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3002\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u89c9\u5f97<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12889-019-7774-1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u56fd\u5bb6\u6b63\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5668\u5b98<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec5\u9760\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u540c\u610f\u7acb\u6cd5\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u5668\u5b98\u77ed\u7f3a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u89d2\u8272<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5bb6\u5c5e\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u95ee\u53ca\u6b7b\u8005\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u79fb\u690d\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u8f6f\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5c24\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6b7b\u8005\u767b\u8bb0\u7684\u610f\u613f<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0277953622008516\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5bb6\u5c5e\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301\u79fb\u690d<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6b7b\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u767b\u8bb0\u6216\u4e0e\u5bb6\u4eba\u8ba8\u8bba\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u613f\uff0c\u5bb6\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u96be\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u5f53\u6b7b\u8005\u4e3b\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u52a0\u5165\u65f6\uff0c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/content\/9\/4\/e025159\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c1a\u672a\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\u65f6\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458\u4e5f\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6279\u51c6\u79fb\u690d<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u3002\u9f13\u52b1\u4eba\u4eec\u767b\u8bb0\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u4f7f\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u613f\u671b\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u6f5c\u5728\u6350\u52a9\u8005\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u9884\u6d4b\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u56e0\u7d20<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5f71\u54cd\u6ce8\u518c\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u4eba\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u9884\u6d4b\u6ce8\u518c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u88d4<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.odt.nhs.uk\/statistics-and-reports\/annual-report-on-ethnicity-differences\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\uff1b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002 \u793e\u4f1a\u56e0\u7d20\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6ce8\u518c\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-65163-1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u72ec\u72fc\u6548\u5e94<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u89c2\u5bdf\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u540e\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u767b\u8bb0\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1359105308090936\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5bf9\u5668\u5b98\u6350\u8d60\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u4fe1\u5ff5<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6350\u8d60\u611f\u5230<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13591053231208531\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u538c\u6076\uff08\u6076\u5fc3\u56e0\u7d20\uff09\u5e76\u76f8\u4fe1\u8eab\u4f53\u5e94\u8be5\u4fdd\u6301\u5b8c\u6574\uff08\u8eab\u4f53\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff09\u65f6<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3a\u6350\u8d60\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6350\u8d60\u6709\u76ca\u65f6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6350\u8d60\u62ef\u6551\u751f\u547d\uff1b\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u6ce8\u518c\u6350\u8d60\u8005\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14792772143000003\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u610f\u613f\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u884c\u4e3a<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u80fd\u767b\u8bb0\u6b64\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u5bf9\u5668\u5b98\u6350\u732e\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9f13\u52b1\u613f\u610f\u6350\u732e\u7684\u4eba\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u5e76\u52a0\u5165\u5668\u5b98\u6350\u732e\u8005\u767b\u8bb0\u518c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 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