{"id":1513,"date":"2019-11-01T14:49:04","date_gmt":"2019-11-01T14:49:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=1513"},"modified":"2025-11-04T14:24:18","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T14:24:18","slug":"n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/zh\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5355\u75c5\u4f8b\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u5355\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5b66\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u7531\u6765\u81ea<\/strong><strong>\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u963f\u4f2f\u4e01\u5927\u5b66<\/strong><strong>\u7684<\/strong><strong>\u739b\u4e3d\u00b7\u7ea6\u7ff0\u65af\u987f<\/strong><strong>(<\/strong><strong>Marie Johnston<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><strong>\u548c\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u7ea6\u7ff0\u65af\u987f<\/strong><strong>(<\/strong><strong>Derek Johnston<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><strong>\u64b0\u7a3f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u4e1a\u8005\u7ecf\u5e38\u60f3\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u9488\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u533b\u7597\u56e2\u961f\u3001\u4e00\u5bb6\u533b\u9662\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u80a5\u80d6\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u591a\u4e45\u5403\u4e00\u6b21\u96f6\u98df\uff0c\u4f55\u65f6\u4f55\u5730\u5403\u96f6\u98df\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u538b\u529b\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u4f7f\u60c5\u51b5\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7cdf\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u6216\u8005\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u533b\u7597\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u5ffd\u7565\u624b\u536b\u751f\uff0c\u9891\u7387\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4eba\u624b\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\u662f\u5426\u60c5\u51b5\u4f1a\u66f4\u7cdf\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u75c5\u623f\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u6240\u6539\u5584\u3002\u6216\u8005\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u5728\u8c03\u67e5\u4e34\u5e8a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u75c5\u623f\u6216\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u653f\u7b56\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u4e00\u9879\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u516c\u5171\u573a\u6240\u7684\u7981\u70df\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u5438\u70df\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bd5\u7740\u901a\u8fc7\u8be2\u95ee\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u6216\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6765\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u597d\u5728\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u523b\u548c\u5730\u70b9\u63d0\u51fa\u6216\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b57\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u5355\u75c5\u4f8b\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u4f60\u56de\u7b54\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Michael_Hufford\/publication\/5340880_Ecolocial_Momentary_Assessment\/links\/0fcfd50ba0b1740ac2000000.pdf\">\u53cd\u590d\u8bc4\u4f30<\/a>\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u75c5\u4f8b\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u9a8c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5b83\u662f\u597d\u662f\u574f\u3002\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u6216\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u5e76\u8bc4\u4f30\u5176\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u6240\u9884\u671f\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6240\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u8bc4\u4f30\u662f\u89c2\u5bdf\u56fe\u8868\u4e0a\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u75c5\u4f8b\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5145\u5206\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u5355\u75c5\u4f8b\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/17437199.2017.1316672\">\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>\u3002\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/17437199.2017.1343680\">\u8bc4\u4f30\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u75c5\u4f8b\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5<em>\u8bc4\u4f30<\/em>\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u6027\u3001\u9891\u7387\u6216\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u56fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7126\u8651\u8bc4\u5206\u867d\u7136\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5f53\u51fa\u52e4\u7387\u4e5f\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5468\u672b\u548c\u4e94\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u660e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4f1a\u7126\u8651\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/348\/bmj.g2674\">\u60a3\u8005<\/a>\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f73\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4e00\u4f4d<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/026921638900300107\">\u5782\u6b7b\u5987\u5973<\/a>\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u548c\u4e00\u5929\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u7528\u6765\u6539\u5584\u6291\u90c1\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5355\u75c5\u4f8b\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u63cf\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u89e3\u91ca\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ece\u4e1a\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f71\u54cd\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5<a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/bjhp.12049\">\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u5bf9\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6709\u591a\u597d<\/a>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u540d\u5782\u6b7b\u7684\u5987\u5973\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5979\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u53d7\u601d\u60f3\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5219\u4e0e\u6e05\u6668\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe1\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u53d8\u91cf\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7126\u8651\u7b49\u7ea7\u7528\u84dd\u8272\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e5\u8d85\u8fc724\u5929<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1514\" src=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"826\" height=\"447\" srcset=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1.png 826w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1-500x271.png 500w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1-768x416.png 768w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1-230x124.png 230w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1-350x189.png 350w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1-480x260.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 826px) 100vw, 826px\" 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