{"id":2576,"date":"2022-10-06T12:15:58","date_gmt":"2022-10-06T12:15:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=2576"},"modified":"2025-11-04T13:59:47","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T13:59:47","slug":"building-collaboration-between-behavioural-research-and-practice-to-improve-health","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/2022\/10\/building-collaboration-between-behavioural-research-and-practice-to-improve-health\/","title":{"rendered":"Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in davran\u0131\u015fsal ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ile uygulama aras\u0131nda i\u015f birli\u011fi kurmak\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Katherine Brown, University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom<\/b><\/p>\n

Bu blog yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi k\u0131smen ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131mdan, m\u00fcdahale geli\u015ftirme ve de\u011ferlendirme becerilerimin uygulamaya d\u00f6kme f\u0131rsat\u0131m ile \u00fcniversitede ve devlet halk sa\u011fl\u0131k departman\u0131 aras\u0131nda ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f halde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken edindi\u011fim deneyimlerden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri g\u00f6revlendirmesinde, y\u00f6netiminde, bu hizmetleri d\u00fczenleyen ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda veya hizmeti veren ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda da olsan\u0131z, hizmetin hedeflerine ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in hizmeti kullanan ki\u015filerde de\u011fi\u015fmesi gereken en az bir davran\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ihtimaldir. Bu hizmet hedefleri, hastal\u0131k veya hastal\u0131klar ne olursa olsun, bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 da olsa (\u00f6rne\u011fin, grip, Covid-19, t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz, cinsel yolla bula\u015fan hastal\u0131klar) bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 olmasa da (\u00f6rne\u011fin, kalp rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131, KOAH, tip 2 diyabet, obezite) insanlar\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f t\u00fcrleri genel hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc etkiliyor. Bu, insanlar\u0131n hastal\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in su\u00e7lanmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ve sadece onlar\u0131n iyi olu\u015flar\u0131ndan ve sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131ndan sorumlu olduklar\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmiyor. Hatta tam tersi! Bir insan\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu, ayn\u0131 zamanda genetik, biyolojik, sosyal ve \u00e7evresel etkenlerin <\/span>sonucudur<\/span><\/a>. Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi ve korunma i\u00e7in bu fakt\u00f6rler \u00f6nemlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 kontrol edebilme davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n etkisi, hepimizin sosyal ve fiziksel mesafe korumam\u0131z\u0131n gerekti\u011fi, ellerimizi d\u00fczenli olarak y\u0131kad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve\/veya dezenfektan kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, y\u00fcze dokunmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, maske takt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve vir\u00fcs semptomlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fimizi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde kendimizi izole etti\u011fimiz veya belirli gezi noktalar\u0131ndan sonra kendimizi karantinaya ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, halihaz\u0131rdaki <\/span>COV\u0130D-19 pandemisinde<\/span><\/a> de daha iyi g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00e7ok fazla say\u0131da insan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyeye gelirken, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 iyile\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k psikolojisinde ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadaki \u00f6nemli disiplinlerden birisi insanlar\u0131n kendi sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131na, \u00e7evresindekilerin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve geni\u015f pop\u00fclasyonun sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na fayda sa\u011flayacak davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunup bulunmamalar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen karma\u015f\u0131k etkile\u015fim fakt\u00f6rlerini anlamakt\u0131r. E\u011fer ki bu davran\u0131\u015flara insanlar\u0131 nelerin y\u00f6neltti\u011fini anlatabilirsek, potansiyel olarak bu ortamlar\u0131 olu\u015fturabilir veya hayata ge\u00e7irebilirz, veya direkt olarak sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 art\u0131racak ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olmayanlar\u0131 azaltacak \u015fekilde m\u00fcdahale edebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hizmetlerle ilk etapta etkile\u015fimde bulunmak<\/span><\/a>, <\/span>sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 yemek<\/span><\/a>, <\/span>fiziksel aktivite<\/span><\/a>, <\/span>oturarak yap\u0131lan hareketler<\/span><\/a>, <\/span>el hijyeni<\/span><\/a>, <\/span>ila\u00e7 ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/a>, <\/span>sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakma<\/span><\/a> ve alkol t\u00fcketiminin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/a> da dahil ancak bunlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmamak \u00fczere, bir dizi davran\u0131\u015ftaki de\u011fi\u015fimi desteklemek i\u00e7in neyin i\u015fe yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair \u00f6nemli ve h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fen kan\u0131tlar var.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu kan\u0131tlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine, halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkezlerine ve sosyal bak\u0131m servislerine uygulanmas\u0131 gerekiyor. \u00c7ok uzun zamand\u0131r bu alanda uzman ve komisyonunda veya sunulma alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131k psikologlar\u0131 bireysel olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktayd\u0131lar. Etkili oldu\u011fu g\u00f6sterilen, prestijli ara\u015ft\u0131rma fon sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131nca kar\u015f\u0131lanan davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015ftirme m\u00fcdahele denemeleri, genellikle yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m ve uygulamaya girmez. Uygulamada olanlar\u0131n \u00e7ok az\u0131 (e\u011fer varsa) tamamen kan\u0131ta dayal\u0131 veya sa\u011flam bir \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir<\/span><\/p>\n

Halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in davran\u0131\u015fsal ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131yor?<\/b><\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve sosyal bak\u0131m kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar, en y\u00fcksek kalitede hizmet ve m\u00fcdahaleleri sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rma kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l kullanabilecekleri ve uygulayabilecekleriyle uzun zamand\u0131r ilgilenmektedirler. Yak\u0131n zamanda buna sa\u011fl\u0131kla ilgili davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesinde, davran\u0131\u015f bilimlerinin ve sa\u011fl\u0131k psikologlar\u0131n\u0131n katk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na dair artan bir fark\u0131ndal\u0131k da eklendi. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019ta, Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130ngiltere (<\/span>Public Health England<\/span><\/i>), halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 politikas\u0131 ve uygulamas\u0131nda davran\u0131\u015fsal ve sosyal bilimler devrimi i\u00e7in dava a\u00e7an <\/span>ulusal bir strateji<\/span><\/a> yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Benzer \u015fekilde yak\u0131n zamanda kurulan Hertfordshire \u0130l\u00e7e Konseyi’ndeki Davran\u0131\u015f De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Birimi, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k’taki ve d\u00fcnyadaki yetkililer taraf\u0131ndan, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve refah\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek ve b\u00fcy\u00fck halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131yla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi y\u00f6ntemlerini ve kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l uygulayabilecekleri konusunda tavsiye almak i\u00e7in s\u0131k s\u0131k temasa ge\u00e7mektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 olarak, sahip oldu\u011funuz sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemi hakk\u0131nda esnek d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l uygulanabilece\u011fini ve \u015fu anki toplum hizmetinin yeniden tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukla ihtiya\u00e7 olunan \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/span><\/p>\n