{"id":2510,"date":"2022-08-04T07:20:38","date_gmt":"2022-08-04T07:20:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=2510"},"modified":"2025-11-04T14:01:36","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T14:01:36","slug":"make-or-break-the-importance-of-breaks-in-healthcare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/2022\/08\/make-or-break-the-importance-of-breaks-in-healthcare\/","title":{"rendered":"\u200b\u200bTamam ya da devam: Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinde ara vermenin \u00f6nemi"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Julia Allan, Aberdeen University, Scotland<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ya\u015fam olduk\u00e7a hareketli. \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u015ften tamamen uzakla\u015fabildi\u011fimiz zamanlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekten nadir oldu\u011fu, git gide daha \u201cuyan\u0131k\u201d olan bir dijital d\u00fcnyada ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. Bir\u00e7ok insan d\u00fczenli olarak fazlas\u0131yla uzun periyodlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ve bu durum sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131k profesyonelleri i\u00e7in daha da vahim. Sa\u011fl\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri ve talepleri genel olarak y\u00fcksek, vardiyalar \u201cnormal\u201d bir i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fcnde rutin olarak 8 saati a\u015fmakta ve tabiat\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan i\u015fin gereklilikleri ac\u0131mas\u0131z olabiliyor. Acil bak\u0131ma ihtiyac\u0131 olan hastalar devaml\u0131 gelirse sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, ne kadar me\u015fgul ve ne kadar saattir \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor olurlarsa olsunlar gereken bak\u0131m\u0131 vermekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerdir. Bu yo\u011fun talebin sonucu olarak sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri ortamlar\u0131nda atlanan molalar olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131nd\u0131r, \u00f6rne\u011fin, <\/span>vardiya s\u00fcresince her 10 hem\u015fireden 1\u2019inin do\u011fru d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir mola vermedi\u011fi, 3\u2019te birinin nadiren verdi\u011fi veya hi\u00e7 yemek molas\u0131 vermedi\u011fi raporlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Atlanan molalar\u0131n olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, tuvalete gidememenin ve <\/span>sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yemek yiyememenin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 rahats\u0131zl\u0131klardan<\/span><\/a>, moral bozuklu\u011fu ve tatminsizlik hissi<\/span><\/a> ile yetersiz aralardan olu\u015fan uzun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerinin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bili\u015fsel de\u011fi\u015fikliklere kadar uzan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ara vermeden uzun saatler \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bili\u015fsel de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, d\u00fczenli olarak mola vermeyi destekleyen arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturuyor. Uzun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerinin sonunda olu\u015fan yorgunluk ve t\u00fckenmi\u015flik hissini hepimiz biliriz, karar vermede g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck ya\u015far veya \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki i\u015fe konsantre olamay\u0131z. Bili\u015fsel performanstaki bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f olduk\u00e7a normaldir ve insan bili\u015finin uzun s\u00fcreler boyunca ayn\u0131 g\u00f6reve odaklanmak i\u00e7in tasarlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da bir g\u00f6stergesidir. Hatta bili\u015fsel terimle s\u00f6ylersek, yorgunluk bir <\/span>adaptif sinyaldir<\/span><\/a> \u2013 bir i\u015fte \u00e7ok fazla zaman harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ve hata yapmadan \u00f6nce bir ara vermemiz gerekti\u011finin sinyali.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Y\u00fczy\u0131ldan daha uzun zaman \u00f6ncesinde, ara vermeden kesintisiz bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n etkileri a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. En \u00f6nemli \u00f6rneklerinden biri, <\/span>Tsuro Arai<\/span><\/a>, doktora derecesi olan ilk Japon kad\u0131n, konsantrasyon gerektiren bir g\u00f6revi (karma\u015f\u0131k \u00e7arpma problemlerini \u00e7\u00f6zme) hi\u00e7 ara vermeden birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn boyunca kesintisiz 12 saat \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak bitirmek i\u00e7in kendisini zorlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u015ea\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olmayan bir \u015fekilde, g\u00f6revde harcanan s\u00fcre artt\u0131k\u00e7a, performans\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, yava\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve daha az do\u011fru hale gelmi\u015fti; bu, optimal bili\u015fsel performans\u0131n 12 saatten fazla s\u00fcrelerde, ara vermeden korunamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n deneysel olarak ilk g\u00f6sterimidir. Buna ra\u011fmen modern d\u00fcnyadaki sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 yeterli bir ara vermeden bu s\u00fcrelerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. <\/span>4000 hem\u015fireyle yap\u0131lan 5000\u2019den fazla vardiyan\u0131n g\u00f6zlendi\u011fi \u00f6nemli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma,<\/span><\/a> Arai\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n da g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, 12 saatten fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan hem\u015fireler (\u00f6rneklemin %40\u2019\u0131) \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha fazla hata yapt\u0131lar.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Dikkat ve haf\u0131zayla ilgili hatalara ek olarak, uzun s\u00fcreler boyunca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan karar vermenin tahmin edildi\u011fi gibi de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fine dair gittik\u00e7e artan kan\u0131tlar mevcuttur ve bu fenomenden \u201ckarar verme yorgunlu\u011fu\u201d olarak da bahsedilir. Ki\u015filer hi\u00e7 ara vermeden, hep gittik\u00e7e daha fazla karar verdik\u00e7e bili\u015fsel olarak daha kolay g\u00f6revlere (varsay\u0131lan se\u00e7enek ile devam etmek, karar\u0131 ba\u015fkas\u0131na b\u0131rakmak veya g\u00f6z karar\u0131 tahmin ve k\u0131sayollar\u0131 kullanmak gibi) do\u011fru bir ge\u00e7i\u015f g\u00f6sterirler. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerindeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma vardiyalar\u0131nda bunun net bir kan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u00d6rne\u011fin, <\/span>pratisyen hekimlerin muayenelerin sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru gereksiz antibiyotik yazmalar\u0131 daha olas\u0131,<\/span><\/a> hem\u015fireler son molalar\u0131ndan itibaren ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre artt\u0131k\u00e7a hastalar\u0131 di\u011fer sa\u011fl\u0131k bak\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nlendirme say\u0131lar\u0131 art\u0131yor.<\/span><\/a> Son \u00f6rnek ise \u00f6nemli bir noktaya parmak bas\u0131yor. Bili\u015fsel olarak i\u015fin ne kadar fazla oldu\u011fu \u00f6nemli de\u011fil, mola vermeden ne kadar i\u015f tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, optimal bili\u015fsel i\u015flevi zaman i\u00e7inde korumay\u0131 sa\u011flamada hayati \u00f6neme sahip olan i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn toplam\u0131 de\u011fil, i\u015f saatleri aras\u0131nda verilen molalar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (veya yoklu\u011fu) ve zamanlamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri ekibinin yo\u011fun sa\u011fl\u0131k servislerinde dinlenme molalar\u0131 verdi\u011finden emin olunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek tabii ki bunu yapmaktan daha kolay. Ancak burada kan\u0131t \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k: herhangi bir mola hi\u00e7 olmayan moladan daha iyi ve d\u00fczenli molalar normal bir i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn pazarl\u0131k dahi edilmemesi gereken en \u00f6nemli par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan biri olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmeli. D\u00fczg\u00fcn bir mola vermek i\u00e7in yeterli zaman olmasa bile, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar g\u00f6revden birka\u00e7 dakikal\u0131\u011f\u0131na uzakla\u015fman\u0131n, esnemenin ve derin nefes alman\u0131n bile yararl\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. \u201c<\/span>Mikromolalar<\/span><\/a>\u201d, yani birka\u00e7 dakikal\u0131k duraklamalar, zorlu ve mola verilmeyen i\u015flerin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmada yeterlidir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar, ameliyat s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u00fczenli, k\u0131sa mikromolalar (90 saniyeden 5 dakikaya kadar) veren cerrahlar\u0131n, daha iyi <\/span>fiziksel ve zihinsel performans g\u00f6sterdiklerini, streslerinin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ameliyat s\u0131ras\u0131nda daha az komplikasyonla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/a> Daha da \u00f6nemlisi, bu mikromolalar\u0131n oldu\u011fu ameliyatlar standart ameliyatlardan daha uzun s\u00fcrm\u00fcyor, yani molalar h\u0131zdaki ve etkililikteki ola\u011fan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fleri azaltarak kendi kendini telafi ediyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

K\u0131saca, molalar sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 (ve di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar!) i\u00e7in s\u0131radan bir i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn olmazsa olmaz\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pratik \u00d6neriler<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Molalar\u0131 \u00f6nceliklendirin<\/b>\u2013 Bir g\u00f6rev \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok fazla zaman harcamak \u00fcretkenli\u011fe engeldir. Karar verme kabiliyetini de\u011fi\u015ftirir, sizi yava\u015flat\u0131r, hatalara daha yatk\u0131n hale getirir ve sizi sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 tutan davran\u0131\u015flara olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bozar.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Tam bir mola veremeyecek durumdaysan\u0131z, en az\u0131ndan bir duraksay\u0131nl<\/b>: Aya\u011fa kalk\u0131n, ne yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z ondan biraz uzakla\u015f\u0131n ve derin nefes al\u0131n. Kan\u0131tlar g\u00f6steriyor ki 30 saniye gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre bile i\u015ften uzak kalmak, uzun s\u00fcre \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bili\u015fsel etkilerini azaltmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. G\u00fcn i\u00e7indeki i\u015flerini \u00e7e\u015fitlendirin. <\/b>Belirlenmi\u015f bir s\u00fcrede sadece tek bir g\u00f6reve konsantre olun (e\u011fer \u201ctamamen odaklanm\u0131\u015f\u201d de\u011filseniz) ve sonra ba\u015fka bir \u015fey yapmaya ge\u00e7in. Bili\u015fsel olarak de\u011fi\u015fim yapmak bir\u00e7ok y\u00f6nden bir dinlenme kadar iyi gelir.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Etraf\u0131n\u0131zdakileri mola vermeleri i\u00e7in te\u015fvik edin <\/b>ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n d\u00fczenli ara vermesini sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fekilde kontrol edebildi\u011finiz i\u015f ve servisleri d\u00fczenleyin. Modern toplumda i\u015f saatlerinde durup bir soluklanmay\u0131 sa\u011flayacak aralar in\u015fa etmek gitgide daha \u00f6nemli hale geliyor.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00a0[Translated by Alper Erdem]<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0Edited by National Editor Selen Ozbek, MSc, MBPsS<\/span><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    By Julia Allan, Aberdeen University, Scotland Modern life is hectic. We live in an increasingly \u2018switched on\u2019 digital world where periods of true respite from work are rare. Many people regularly work for lengthy periods and this is particularly the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2519,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2510","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-self-regulation","category-stress-and-coping"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"tr","enabled_languages":["en","id","my","bg","zh","hr","cz","da","de","es","fr","gr","he","it","ja","kr","lv","lt","hu","nl","no","pl","pt","ro","ru","sk","fi","sv","tr","uk"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"my":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"gr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"he":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2510","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2510"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2510\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4559,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2510\/revisions\/4559"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2519"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2510"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2510"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}