{"id":2461,"date":"2022-04-28T07:59:44","date_gmt":"2022-04-28T07:59:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=2461"},"modified":"2025-11-04T14:03:06","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T14:03:06","slug":"your-intervention-your-way-short-appraisal-interventions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/tr\/2022\/04\/your-intervention-your-way-short-appraisal-interventions\/","title":{"rendered":"Senin M\u00fcdahalen, Senin Tarz\u0131n! K\u0131sa De\u011ferlendirme M\u00fcdahaleleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

by Katarzyna Cantarero, SWPS University, Poland<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6znel iyi olu\u015f<\/span><\/a>, do\u011fdu\u011fumuzda sahip olduklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131zda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan durumlar\u0131n ve (neyse ki!) kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u015feylerin bir i\u015flevidir. Bir\u00e7ok <\/span>ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131<\/span><\/a> psikolojik i\u015flevselli\u011fimizi etkili bir \u015fekilde art\u0131ran \u015feylerin neler oldu\u011funu ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ufak bir takdir (veya onaylama) m\u00fcdahaleleri, insanlarda olumlu etki olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek faydal\u0131 bir ara\u00e7 olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, k\u0131sa yazma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n (\u00f6rne\u011fin, <\/span>minnet listeleri veya mektuplar\u0131<\/span><\/a>) psikolojik iyi olu\u015fu art\u0131rabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7oklu laboratuvar deneyinde, 87 farkl\u0131 \u00fclkeden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, basit yeniden de\u011ferlendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n (di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, ki\u015finin bir olay hakk\u0131nda hissettiklerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek veya olay\u0131n olumlu yanlar\u0131na odaklanmak) COVID-19 pandemisi boyunca <\/span>olumlu duygular\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir<\/span><\/a>. Potansiyel olarak stresli bir olay\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek, o olaydan <\/span>fayda sa\u011flamaya yarayabilir<\/span><\/a>. Bu de\u011ferlendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, ki\u015filer i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 durumlar\u0131n olumlu yanlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda birtak\u0131m arg\u00fcmanlar \u00fcretirler.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Psikolojik ihtiyac\u0131n onaylanmas\u0131 yoluyla \u00f6znel iyi olu\u015fu art\u0131rmak<\/b><\/p>\n

Pandemi boyunca, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma grubumuzla k\u0131sa ve \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i m\u00fcdahalelerin bireylerin <\/span>\u00f6znel iyi olu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131p art\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/span><\/a> inceledik. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 esnas\u0131nda ya\u015fayabilecekleri temel psikolojik ihtiya\u00e7lara (\u00f6zerklik, ili\u015fkisellik ve yetkinlik) y\u00f6nelik zorluklara odakland\u0131k. \u00d6zerkli\u011fe duyulan ihtiya\u00e7, bir se\u00e7im ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck duygusuyla ilgilidir, yetkinli\u011fe duyulan ihtiya\u00e7, ki\u015finin hedeflerine ula\u015fabilece\u011fini hissetmesiyle, ili\u015fkiselli\u011fe duyulan ihtiya\u00e7 ise ki\u015finin yak\u0131n\u0131ndakilerle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 hissetmesiyle ili\u015fkilidir. \u00d6zerklik Kuram\u0131’na g\u00f6re, bu temel psikolojik ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n tatmini <\/span>insan i\u015fleyi\u015fi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir<\/span><\/a>. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, temel psikolojik ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hisseden ki\u015filerin daha y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde zihinsel iyi olu\u015f bildirdiklerini g\u00f6sterdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bunu takiben yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada<\/span><\/a>, insanlardan pandeminin neden oldu\u011fu, ya\u015fam tarzlar\u0131na getirilen k\u0131s\u0131tlamalara ra\u011fmen \u00f6zerklik, yetkinlik ve\/veya ili\u015fkisellik duygusu hissedebildikleri bir durum hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131 yazmalar\u0131n\u0131 istedik. Bu k\u0131sa m\u00fcdahale, g\u00fc\u00e7lenen bir ili\u015fkisellik duygusuyla zihinsel iyi olu\u015fu art\u0131rd\u0131 ve kontrol grubuna k\u0131yasla alg\u0131lanan stresi azaltt\u0131. Bunun gibi k\u0131sa ve basit \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar insanlar\u0131n kendilerini daha iyi hissetmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir, ancak bu olumlu etkilerin ne kadar s\u00fcrebilece\u011fi hen\u00fcz bilinmemektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u015fe ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rma<\/b><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma alan\u0131nda<\/span><\/a>, ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubumuzla benzer, k\u0131sa ve \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i m\u00fcdahalelerin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortamlar\u0131nda olumlu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131p art\u0131ramayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131k. \u00d6zellikle i\u015fe ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k ve anlaml\u0131l\u0131k ile ilgilendik. <\/span>\u0130\u015fe ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k<\/span><\/a>, genellikle i\u015fle ilgili bir \u00f6zveri, \u00f6z\u00fcmseme ve \u015fevk hissi olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek i\u015f ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bireyler ve kurulu\u015flar i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan fayda sa\u011flar (\u00f6rne\u011fin, daha iyi performans, daha y\u00fcksek i\u015f doyumu ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck depresif belirtiler). Benzer \u015fekilde, i\u015f anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da \u00e7e\u015fitli psikolojik faydalarla ili\u015fkilidir (<\/span>\u00f6rne\u011fin, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kayg\u0131, daha y\u00fcksek iyi olu\u015f<\/span><\/a>).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, <\/span>i\u015f anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklar<\/span><\/a> \u00f6nermi\u015ftir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, daha fazla iyili\u011fe hizmet etmek, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na yard\u0131m etmek, ki\u015fisel geli\u015fim, para kazanmak). \u0130\u015f anlam\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6z-y\u00f6nelimli ya da di\u011ferlerine-y\u00f6nelimli olarak kategorize edilebilece\u011fini varsayd\u0131k. \u00d6z-y\u00f6nelimli veya di\u011ferlerine-y\u00f6nelimli anlam kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirecek bir anlam m\u00fcdahalesinin, <\/span>i\u015f anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u015fe ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131p art\u0131rmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test etmek i\u00e7in<\/span><\/a> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131k. \u0130lk olarak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlardan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 neden anlaml\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri hakk\u0131nda yazmalar\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fimizde, kontrol grubuna k\u0131yasla (\u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015fte kulland\u0131klar\u0131 ekipman\u0131 tan\u0131mlad\u0131klar\u0131 grup) daha y\u00fcksek i\u015f anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve anl\u0131k i\u015f ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Bir sonraki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131ndan (kontrol grubu) i\u015fyerinde kulland\u0131klar\u0131 ekipmanlar\u0131, deney grubundansa daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir iyili\u011fe hizmet etmek veya mesleki kariyerini i\u015f anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131 olarak ilerletmek hakk\u0131nda yazmalar\u0131n\u0131 istedik. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkalar\u0131na nas\u0131l fayda sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yazman\u0131n, i\u015fin anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla i\u015fe ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulduk.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6zetle, k\u0131sa de\u011ferlendirme m\u00fcdahaleleri, en az\u0131ndan k\u0131sa vadede <\/span>psikolojik iyi olu\u015fu<\/span><\/a> iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in umut verici bir kendine yard\u0131m veya ba\u015fkas\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yard\u0131m sa\u011flama yoludur. \u00d6rnekleri insanlar\u0131n kendileri verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, m\u00fcdahaleler bireysel olarak uyarlan\u0131r ve bu nedenle daha etkili olabilir. Dan\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n psikolojik iyi olu\u015funu art\u0131rmak veya <\/span>i\u015f anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u015f ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in<\/span><\/a>, onlara a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \u00f6nerilen yazma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan birini \u00f6nerebilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pratik \u00d6neriler<\/b><\/p>\n