{"id":400,"date":"2017-03-12T07:47:38","date_gmt":"2017-03-12T07:47:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=400"},"modified":"2025-11-04T14:48:56","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T14:48:56","slug":"e-health-hypes-and-hopes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/2017\/03\/e-health-hypes-and-hopes\/","title":{"rendered":"E-health: pr\u00eds\u013euby a n\u00e1deje"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Rik Crutzen, Maastricht University, Holandsko<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>V dne\u0161nej dobe \u013eudia pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa internet takmer neust\u00e1le a na \u0161irok\u00fa \u0161k\u00e1lu aktiv\u00edt: od n\u00e1kupu potrav\u00edn a\u017e po predv\u00e1dzanie smie\u0161nych obr\u00e1zkov ma\u010diek svojim priate\u013eom na druhej strane sveta. Ni\u010d nie je nemo\u017en\u00e9. Internet sa v\u0161ak st\u00e1le viac a viac pou\u017e\u00edva aj v oblasti zdravia \u2013 kde je \u010dasto ozna\u010dovan\u00fd ako e-health \u010di elektronick\u00e9 zdravotn\u00edctvo.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u010co je e-health?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;E-health&#8221; alebo elektronick\u00e9 zdravotn\u00edctvo sa vz\u0165ahuje k zdravotn\u00edckym slu\u017eb\u00e1m a inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m pon\u00fakan\u00fdm alebo \u0161\u00edren\u00fdm prostredn\u00edctvom internetu a s t\u00fdm s\u00favisiacimi technol\u00f3giami. V r\u00e1mci psychol\u00f3gie zdravia sa elektronick\u00e9 zdravotn\u00edctvo zameriava na \u0161irok\u00fa \u0161k\u00e1lu spr\u00e1vania t\u00fdkaj\u00faceho sa \u017eivotn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fdlu, ako fyzick\u00e1 aktivita \u010di odvykanie od faj\u010denia. Na z\u00e1klade preh\u013eadu literat\u00fary, ktor\u00fd je k dispoz\u00edcii pribli\u017ene od prelomu storo\u010dia, m\u00f4\u017eeme kon\u0161tatova\u0165, \u017ee tieto internetovo dostupn\u00e9 intervencie m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9. Je v\u0161ak podstatn\u00e9, aby bol proces v\u00fdvoja tak\u00fdchto intervenci\u00ed zakotven\u00fd do existuj\u00facich te\u00f3ri\u00ed a v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch d\u00f4kazov.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00fdhody internetovo dostupn\u00fdch intervenci\u00ed <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pou\u017e\u00edvanie internetu a s\u00favisiacich technol\u00f3gie m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 nieko\u013eko v\u00fdhod. \u013dudia maj\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu mieru anonymity v porovnan\u00ed s intervenciami, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa pon\u00fakan\u00e9 tv\u00e1rou v tv\u00e1r. T\u00e1to anonymita m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 priazniv\u00fd vplyv na intervencie t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa spr\u00e1vania, ktor\u00e9 by mohli by\u0165 sp\u00e1jan\u00e9 s\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00fdm pocitom hanby (pou\u017e\u00edvanie prezervat\u00edvov alebo u\u017e\u00edvanie alkohol). Navy\u0161e m\u00f4\u017eu intervencie vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 GPS satelitn\u00fa navig\u00e1ciu na poskytnutie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o mo\u017enostiach lok\u00e1lne dostupnej zdravej v\u00fd\u017eivy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa okam\u017eite k dispoz\u00edcii. Netreba v\u0161ak zab\u00fada\u0165 na to, \u017ee oba pr\u00edklady tu uveden\u00e9 s\u00fa len uk\u00e1\u017ekou mo\u017enost\u00ed a\u00a0neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee ich v\u00fdhody s\u00fa aplikovate\u013en\u00e9 pre v\u0161etky internetov\u00e9 intervencie. S\u00fa u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 len v pr\u00edpade, ak sa zd\u00e1, \u017ee nedostatok anonymity alebo nedostupnos\u0165 zdravej v\u00fd\u017eivy skuto\u010dne prispieva k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee sa \u013eudia spr\u00e1vaj\u00fa nezdravo. In\u00fdmi slovami, vlastnosti takejto platformy a pr\u00edle\u017eitosti, ktor\u00e9 pon\u00faka je potrebn\u00e9 ch\u00e1pa\u0165 ako n\u00e1stroj, nie ako v\u0161eliek.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sk\u00famanie vyu\u017e\u00edvania intervenci\u00ed <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jednou z v\u00fdhod v\u0161etk\u00fdch internetovo dostupn\u00fdch intervenci\u00ed je, \u017ee poskytuj\u00fa pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 sk\u00fama\u0165 mieru ich vyu\u017eitia: m\u00f4\u017eu napr\u00edklad poskytn\u00fa\u0165 detailn\u00fd poh\u013ead na to, v ktorom bode u\u017e\u00edvatelia webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky zameran\u00e9 na intervencie op\u00fa\u0161\u0165aj\u00fa alebo kde sa dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa do slepej uli\u010dky. Pr\u00e1ve to m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e9 pre prisp\u00f4sobenie intervenci\u00ed potreb\u00e1m u\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea, \u010do by malo zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 pravdepodobnos\u0165 pozit\u00edvnych v\u00fdsledkov intervencie ako takej. V neposlednom rade tak\u00e1to forma intervencie poskytuje vh\u013ead do toho, ako intenz\u00edvne ich n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edci vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa (frekvencia a d\u013a\u017eka trvania) a o \u010do sa zauj\u00edmaj\u00fa (t\u00e9my).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1verom<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>E-health intervencie maj\u00fa svoje \u0161pecifick\u00e9 charakteristiky pon\u00fakaj\u00face pr\u00edle\u017eitosti, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 ve\u013emi u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 v oblasti psychol\u00f3gie zdravia. Nie s\u00fa v\u0161ak v\u0161eliekom. Zmena spr\u00e1vania je zlo\u017eit\u00fd proces, v r\u00e1mci ktor\u00e9ho by sme sa mali opiera\u0165 o v\u0161etky dostupn\u00e9 te\u00f3rie a d\u00f4kazy s cie\u013eom zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 pravdepodobnos\u0165, \u017ee na\u0161e intervencia bude efekt\u00edvna &#8211; a to ako online tak aj offline.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Odpor\u00fa\u010dania pre prax:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>E-Health intervencie m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e9 ako n\u00e1stroj zameran\u00fd na zmenu spr\u00e1vania. Je v\u0161ak d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby boli tieto internetovo dostupn\u00e9 intervencie systematicky rozv\u00edjan\u00e9 rovnako ako v\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 typy intervenci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa zameriavaj\u00fa na zmenu spr\u00e1vania. \u2022 Nepou\u017e\u00edvajte e-health intervencie bez rozmyslu! Charakteristiky takejto platformy a pr\u00edle\u017eitosti, ktor\u00e9 pon\u00faka by mali by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e9 v\u017edy s ur\u010dit\u00fdm \u00fa\u010delom. V\u017edy prem\u00fd\u0161\u013eajte o tom, pre\u010do chcete pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00fa platformu a o tom ak\u00e9 pr\u00edle\u017eitosti pon\u00faka. \u2022 Ak pou\u017e\u00edvate e-health intervencie, sk\u00famajte nako\u013eko s\u00fa vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9. To v\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 z\u00edska\u0165 vh\u013ead do toho, ako je va\u0161a intervencia vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 a pom\u00f4c\u0165 v\u00e1m ju zlep\u0161i\u0165.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rik Crutzen, Maastricht University, The Netherlands Nowadays, people use the Internet all the time and for a wide range of activities: from buying groceries to showing a funny cat-picture to\u00a0a friend on the other side of the world. It is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":299,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,13],"tags":[11,12],"class_list":["post-400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-e-health","category-interventions","tag-e-health","tag-interventions"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"sk","enabled_languages":["en","id","my","bg","zh","hr","cz","da","de","es","fr","gr","he","it","ja","kr","lv","lt","hu","nl","no","pl","pt","ro","ru","sk","fi","sv","tr","uk"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"my":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"gr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"he":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/400","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=400"}],"version-history":[{"count":35,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/400\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4650,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/400\/revisions\/4650"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/299"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=400"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=400"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=400"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}