{"id":1683,"date":"2020-05-18T15:57:50","date_gmt":"2020-05-18T15:57:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=1683"},"modified":"2025-11-04T14:18:37","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T14:18:37","slug":"stop-being-an-ostrich-the-benefits-of-helping-people-to-monitor-their-progress","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/2020\/05\/stop-being-an-ostrich-the-benefits-of-helping-people-to-monitor-their-progress\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>Presta\u0148 by\u0165 p\u0161trosom! Benefity pom\u00e1hania \u013eu\u010fom s monitorovan\u00edm ich pokroku<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Thomas L. Webb, Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, UK<\/p>\n<p>Ako sa v\u00e1m dar\u00ed dosiahnu\u0165 v\u00e1\u0161 cie\u013e zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 mno\u017estvo cukru, ktor\u00e9 jete a schudn\u00fa\u0165 10 kg? Je pravdepodobn\u00e9, \u017ee to naozaj neviete \u2013 alebo dokonca nechcete vedie\u0165. V tak\u00fdchto situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch maj\u00fa \u013eudia tendenciu spr\u00e1va\u0165 sa ako p\u0161trosy a strka\u0165 hlavu do piesku, pri\u010dom sa z\u00e1merne vyh\u00fdbaj\u00fa alebo odmietaj\u00fa inform\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 by im pomohli sledova\u0165 napredovanie smerom k ich stanoven\u00e9mu cie\u013eu. V\u00fdskum tohto <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/spc3.12071\">\u201eprobl\u00e9mu p\u0161trosov\u201c<\/a> nazna\u010duje, \u017ee \u013eudia \u010dasto nesleduj\u00fa svoj pokrok, \u010diasto\u010dne preto, \u017ee to m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165, \u017ee bud\u00fa ma\u0165 zo seba zl\u00fd pocit \u2013 napr\u00edklad si uvedomia, \u017ee v\u00e1\u017eia viac, ne\u017e d\u00fafali, a \u017ee st\u00e1le konzumuj\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea cukru. Te\u00f3ria a d\u00f4kazy v\u0161ak nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee sledovanie pokroku pom\u00e1ha \u013eu\u010fom identifikova\u0165 nezrovnalosti medzi ich s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdm a \u017eelan\u00fdm stavom, ktor\u00e9 si vy\u017eaduj\u00fa akciu. Z toho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee vyh\u00fdbanie sa monitorovaniu s\u0165a\u017euje identifik\u00e1ciu potreby kona\u0165 a najvhodnej\u0161ieho sp\u00f4sobu, ako to urobi\u0165. Probl\u00e9m p\u0161trosov preto predstavuje pre zdravotn\u00edckych pracovn\u00edkov pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 pom\u00f4c\u0165 \u013eu\u010fom sledova\u0165 ich pokrok a vyu\u017ei\u0165 v\u00fdhody, ktor\u00e9 z toho plyn\u00fa. Mo\u017eno nie je prekvapuj\u00face, \u017ee sme na\u0161li dobr\u00fd d\u00f4kaz, \u017ee <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2015\/10\/151029101349.htm\">nab\u00e1danie \u013eud\u00ed, aby sledovali svoj pokrok, pom\u00e1ha \u013eu\u010fom dosahova\u0165 ciele<\/a> v r\u00f4znych oblastiach.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Monitorovanie zah\u0155\u0148a inventariz\u00e1ciu aktu\u00e1lnej situ\u00e1cie (napr. ko\u013eko cukru sa v ten de\u0148 skonzumovalo, kedy a kde) a porovn\u00e1vanie s nejakou cie\u013eovou alebo referen\u010dnou hodnotou (napr. maxim\u00e1lne 6 \u010dajov\u00fdch ly\u017ei\u010diek cukru denne). D\u00e1 sa to urobi\u0165 v denn\u00edku alebo jednoducho na k\u00fasku papiera. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii aj digit\u00e1lne n\u00e1stroje, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu \u013eu\u010fom pom\u00f4c\u0165 sledova\u0165 ich pokrok \u2013 \u013eudia dokonca za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa hovori\u0165 o hnut\u00ed naz\u00fdvanom <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quantified_self\">\u201ekvantifikovan\u00e9 ja\u201c<\/a>. Napr\u00edklad na\u0161e <a href=\"https:\/\/www.samsung.com\/global\/galaxy\/apps\/samsung-health\/\">telef\u00f3ny automaticky zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00fa<\/a>, ko\u013eko krokov sme pre\u0161li, na\u0161e hodinky n\u00e1m hovoria, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.garmin.com\/en-US\/blog\/fitness\/advancedrem\/\">ako dlho a ako dobre sme spali<\/a>, a \u013eudia m\u00f4\u017eu pomocou aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed skenova\u0165 \u010diarov\u00e9 k\u00f3dy na obaloch potrav\u00edn, aby zistili ich nutri\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti. Mnoh\u00e9 z t\u00fdchto zariaden\u00ed n\u00e1s dokonca \u017eiadaj\u00fa, aby sme si stanovili cie\u013e a potom porovnali n\u00e1\u0161 pokrok smerom k tomuto cie\u013eu.<\/p>\n<p>Pou\u017e\u00edvanie t\u00fdchto n\u00e1strojov na monitorovanie pokroku m\u00f4\u017ee \u013eu\u010fom pom\u00f4c\u0165 identifikova\u0165, kedy a ako najlep\u0161ie kona\u0165. Napr\u00edklad skenovanie \u010diarov\u00fdch k\u00f3dov na obaloch potrav\u00edn by mohlo pom\u00f4c\u0165 \u010dloveku, ktor\u00fd sa sna\u017e\u00ed zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 spotrebu cukru, uvedomi\u0165 si, ko\u013eko cukru je v poh\u00e1ri pomaran\u010dov\u00e9ho d\u017e\u00fasu alebo miske kukuri\u010dn\u00fdch lupienkov, a pom\u00f4c\u0165 mu identifikova\u0165 (a prejs\u0165 na) alternat\u00edvy s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm obsahom cukru. Monitorovanie m\u00f4\u017ee preto tvori\u0165 z\u00e1klad intervenci\u00ed ur\u010den\u00fdch na pomoc \u013eu\u010fom pri dosahovan\u00ed r\u00f4znych zdravotn\u00fdch cie\u013eov. Okrem toho existuj\u00fa d\u00f4kazy o tom, \u017ee monitorovanie je e\u0161te efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie, ak je kombinovan\u00e9 s technikami, ktor\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00fa \u013eu\u010fom <a href=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/2018\/08\/how-to-set-goals-that-work\/\">stanovi\u0165 si vhodn\u00e9 ciele<\/a>, na z\u00e1klade ktor\u00fdch sa bude monitorova\u0165 pokrok a podnikn\u00fa\u0165 kroky, ak a ke\u010f monitorovanie zist\u00ed, \u017ee je to potrebn\u00e9 (napr\u00edklad <a href=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/2017\/04\/the-power-of-planning\/\">pl\u00e1novanie ak \u2013 tak<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Vzh\u013eadom na to, \u017ee \u013eudia m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 v obrane vo\u010di inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa (napr. nazna\u010dova\u0165, \u017ee inform\u00e1cie nezodpovedaj\u00fa ich typick\u00e9mu spr\u00e1vaniu alebo \u017ee monitorovacie zariadenie mus\u00ed by\u0165 nepresn\u00e9), psychologick\u00e9 techniky ako <a href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/gb\/blog\/dont-delay\/200903\/self-affirmation-strategy-reduce-self-control-failure\">sebapotvrdzovanie<\/a> (nab\u00e1danie \u013eud\u00ed, aby potvrdili hodnotn\u00e9 aspekty sami) m\u00f4\u017eu tie\u017e pom\u00f4c\u0165 \u013eu\u010fom presne vyhodnoti\u0165 inform\u00e1cie a ich d\u00f4sledky.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Praktick\u00e9 odpor\u00fa\u010danie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Monitorovanie pokroku \u010dasto zah\u0155\u0148a identifik\u00e1ciu met\u00f3dy na monitorovanie spr\u00e1vania a\/alebo v\u00fdsledkov (napr. aplik\u00e1cia alebo denn\u00edk) a odhodlanie ju pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165. Ako je v\u0161ak pop\u00edsan\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161ie, \u013eudia \u010dasto str\u010dia hlavu do piesku a nesleduj\u00fa svoj pokrok. Preto mo\u017eno budete m\u00f4c\u0165:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pom\u00f4c\u0165 \u013eu\u010fom ur\u010di\u0165, \u010do maj\u00fa monitorova\u0165. Napr\u00edklad, ak sa sna\u017eia schudn\u00fa\u0165, zv\u00e1\u017ete, \u010di by nebolo najlep\u0161ie sledova\u0165 spr\u00e1vanie, ako je fyzick\u00e1 aktivita alebo pr\u00edjem stravy; v\u00fdsledky ako hmotnos\u0165 alebo obvod p\u00e1sa; alebo kombin\u00e1cia oboch? N\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdskum nazna\u010duje, \u017ee \u013eudia by mali by\u0165 povzbudzovan\u00ed, aby sledovali \u010doko\u013evek, \u010do chc\u00fa najviac zmeni\u0165: \u010di u\u017e s\u00fa to v\u00fdsledky, spr\u00e1vanie alebo oboje.<\/li>\n<li>Pom\u00f4c\u0165 \u013eu\u010fom objekt\u00edvne uva\u017eova\u0165 o inform\u00e1ci\u00e1ch z\u00edskan\u00fdch monitorovan\u00edm. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/0146167210369557?journalCode=pspc\">D\u00f4kazy nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee strat\u00e9gie sebapotvrdzovania m\u00f4\u017eu \u013eu\u010fom zabr\u00e1ni\u0165, aby sa za\u010dali br\u00e1ni\u0165 vo\u010di inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa.<\/a> Ak m\u00e1te podozrenie, \u017ee jednotlivec m\u00f4\u017ee reagova\u0165 defenz\u00edvne na svoje sledovan\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie alebo v\u00fdsledky, potom ak ho povzbud\u00edte, aby si pred monitorovan\u00edm svojho pokroku potvrdil svoje hodnotn\u00e9 aspekty (napr. \u017ee je l\u00e1skav\u00fd a oh\u013eadupln\u00fd \u010dlovek), m\u00f4\u017ee mu to pom\u00f4c\u0165 prija\u0165 inform\u00e1cie.<\/li>\n<li>Podpori\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed pri vykon\u00e1van\u00ed zmien, ktor\u00e9 by pod\u013ea monitorovania mohli by\u0165 potrebn\u00e9. Identifik\u00e1cia potreby kona\u0165 a motiv\u00e1cia k tomu s\u00fa len prv\u00e9 kroky k zmene. Ke\u010f\u017ee \u013eudia m\u00f4\u017eu potrebova\u0165 pomoc, aby <a href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/gb\/blog\/the-road-hell\/201609\/building-bridge-between-intention-and-action\">premenili svoje dobr\u00e9 \u00famysly na \u010diny<\/a>, po\u017eiadajte ich, aby vytvorili <a href=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/2017\/04\/the-power-of-planning\/\">pl\u00e1ny ak-potom<\/a>, ktor\u00e9 \u0161pecifikuj\u00fa kedy, kde a ako bud\u00fa kona\u0165. Napr\u00edklad niekto, kto zist\u00ed, \u017ee jedia prive\u013ea cukru, m\u00f4\u017ee vytvori\u0165 pl\u00e1n \u201eAk budem ra\u0148ajkova\u0165, d\u00e1m si sk\u00f4r ovsen\u00fa ka\u0161u ako kukuri\u010dn\u00e9 lupienky\u201c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[Prelo\u017eila Zuzana Dankulincov\u00e1]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Thomas L. Webb, Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, the UK How are you getting on with your goal to reduce the amount of sugar that you eat and lose 10kg? Chances are that you don\u2019t really know [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1687,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1683","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-self-regulation"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"sk","enabled_languages":["en","id","my","bg","zh","hr","cz","da","de","es","fr","gr","he","it","ja","kr","lv","lt","hu","nl","no","pl","pt","ro","ru","sk","fi","sv","tr","uk"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"my":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"gr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"he":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1683","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1683"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1683\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4590,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1683\/revisions\/4590"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1683"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1683"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1683"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}