{"id":908,"date":"2018-04-06T16:26:47","date_gmt":"2018-04-06T16:26:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=908"},"modified":"2025-11-04T14:39:29","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T14:39:29","slug":"willpower-versus-unhealthy-temptations-spoiler-alert-willpower-usually-loses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/2018\/04\/willpower-versus-unhealthy-temptations-spoiler-alert-willpower-usually-loses\/","title":{"rendered":"Puterea voin\u021bei versus tenta\u021biile nes\u0103n\u0103toase- Spoiler- \u00cen general voin\u021ba pierde \u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Articol de Amanda Rebar, Central Queensland University, Australia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nu este surprinz\u0103tor c\u0103 oamenii nu se comport\u0103 deobicei \u00een moduri care sunt bune pentru s\u0103n\u0103tatea lor pe termen lung. De exemplu, oamenii \u0219tiu c\u0103 sportul este bun pentru <u>s\u0103n\u0103tatea fizic\u0103 \u0219i mental\u0103<\/u>, dar foarte pu\u021bine persoane fac sport regulat. C\u00e2nd cineva \u00ee\u0219i manifest\u0103 inten\u021bia de a face sport, exist\u0103 doar o probabilitate de 50% c\u0103 vor pune inten\u021bia \u00een practic\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>V-a\u021bi g\u00e2ndit vreodat\u0103 de ce oamenii se implic\u0103 \u00een comportamente nes\u0103n\u0103toase \u00een ciuda bunelor inten\u021bii? Psihologii sus\u021bin c\u0103 \u00een general comportamentul oamenilor este influen\u021bat de dou\u0103 sisteme. Acest <u>model al dublei proces\u0103ri<\/u> ofer\u0103 un nou punct de vedere cu privire la cum putem s\u0103 \u00eei ajut\u0103m pe oameni s\u0103 fac\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 tenta\u021biilor nes\u0103n\u0103toase.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Conform modelului dublei proces\u0103ri, comportamentul este influen\u021bat de dou\u0103 sisteme-unul compus din procesele reflective \u0219i unul din procesele automate. Sistemul reflectiv influen\u021beaz\u0103 comportamentul prin ac\u021biuni deliberate, planificate, care sunt deobicei lente \u0219i necesit\u0103 voin\u021b\u0103. Sistemul automat influen\u021beaz\u0103 comportamentul prin impulsuri spontane, neinten\u021bionate.<\/p>\n<p>Chiar dac\u0103 procesele sunt diferite, pot avea uneori acelea\u0219i rezultate. De exemplu, o femeie \u00ee\u0219i modific\u0103 dieta. Poate c\u0103 a fost informat\u0103 c\u0103 are risc crescut pentru boli cardiovasculare \u0219i trebuie s\u0103 fac\u0103 o schimbare \u00een alimenta\u021bie- acesta ar fi un proces reflectiv.<\/p>\n<p>Alternativ, s-ar putea s\u0103 fi f\u0103cut schimb\u0103ri de alimenta\u021bie pentru c\u0103 a\u0219a avea chef sau avea poft\u0103 s\u0103 m\u0103n\u00e2nce altceva dec\u00e2t deobicei-acesta ar fi un proces automat.<\/p>\n<p>Sistemul automat are o reputa\u021bie proast\u0103. Deobicei este \u00eenvinuit ca surs\u0103 a tenta\u021biilor nes\u0103n\u0103toase care trebuie \u00eenvinse cu ajutorul <u>voin\u021bei.<\/u> \u00cen general, ne educ\u0103m s\u0103 ne schimb\u0103m comportamentele \u0219i s\u0103 formul\u0103m scopuri \u0219i planuri de schimbare, s\u0103 ne monitoriz\u0103m diligent comportamentul \u0219i s\u0103 g\u0103sim modalit\u0103\u021bi de a ne pune zilnic planurile \u00een aplicare. Problema este c\u0103 aceste tipuri de strategii de modificare comportamental\u0103 nu func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna, iar c\u00e2nd func\u021bioneaz\u0103, acest lucru este valabil doar o perioad\u0103 scurt\u0103 de timp.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru a men\u021bine un stil de via\u021b\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103tos, trebuie s\u0103 facem fa\u021b\u0103 unor tenta\u021bii. Putem s\u0103 ajut\u0103m oamenii s\u0103 lucreze cu \u0219i nu \u00eempotriva sistemului automat. Studiile arat\u0103 c\u0103 este posibil s\u0103 reizist\u0103m influen\u021belor nes\u0103n\u0103toase ale sistemului automat \u0219i chiar moduri de a face ca sistemul automat s\u0103 lucreze \u00een beneficiul scopurilor de s\u0103n\u0103tate pe termen lung. Cu ajutorul unor modific\u0103ri simple \u00een modul de a da sfaturi, putem s\u0103 facem ca voin\u021ba s\u0103 triumfe \u00een lupta cu tenta\u021biile nes\u0103n\u0103toase sau s\u0103 oprim aceast\u0103 \u201clupt\u0103\u201d, astfel ca tenta\u021biile s\u0103 \u201clupte\u201d de partea s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Recomand\u0103ri practice<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sugera\u021bi modific\u0103ri simple \u00een rutinele zilnice care pot s\u0103 ajute evitarea tenta\u021biilor nes\u0103n\u0103toase. Deobicei sunt anumite locuri, st\u0103ri, experien\u021be, momente ale zilei \u00een care oamenii sunt mai susceptibili s\u0103 adopte comportamente nes\u0103n\u0103toase. Este important s\u0103 con\u0219tientiz\u0103m ce anume declan\u0219eaz\u0103 tenta\u021biile pentru c\u0103 astfel le mic\u0219or\u0103m puterea \u0219i ne p\u0103str\u0103m for\u021bele voin\u021bei pentru momentele de risc maxim.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Exemplu: cineva care s-a l\u0103sat de fumat poate s\u0103 evite magazinele de unde cump\u0103r\u0103 \u021big\u0103ri<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>G\u0103si\u021bi modalit\u0103\u021bi de a face op\u021biunile s\u0103n\u0103toase mai u\u0219oare \u0219i pl\u0103cute dec\u00e2t alternativele nes\u0103n\u0103toase.\n<ul>\n<li>Exemplu: nu \u021bine\u021bi m\u00e2ncare fast food \u00een cas\u0103. Oamenii vor m\u00e2nca mai pu\u021bine alimente nes\u0103n\u0103toase dac\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 mearg\u0103 la magazine s\u0103 le cumpere. Deasemenea, vor alege alimente s\u0103n\u0103toase dac\u0103 ele sunt la \u00eendem\u00e2n\u0103 acas\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Face\u021bi alternativele s\u0103n\u0103toase mai vizibile dec\u00e2t cele nes\u0103n\u0103toase. Reclama func\u021bioneaz\u0103 prin repeti\u021bie \u0219i vizibilitate crescut\u0103. Acea\u0219i tehnic\u0103 se poate aplica \u00een cazul comportamentelor de s\u0103n\u0103tate.\n<ul>\n<li>Exemplu: dac\u0103 o persoan\u0103 uit\u0103 s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i ia medicamentele, pute\u021bi s\u0103 \u00eei sugera\u021bi s\u0103 pun\u0103 medicamentele \u00eentr-un loc vizibil \u0219i sigur (pe pervaz \u0219i nu \u00een sertar) astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 le poat\u0103 vedea de mai multe ori pe zi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Adopta\u021bi comportamente sanogene care sunt recompensante. Dac\u0103 un comportament sanogen este pl\u0103cut, este nevoie de pu\u021bin\u0103 voin\u021b\u0103 pentru a-l pune \u00een practic\u0103 \u0219i a-l men\u021bine pe termen lung. Dac\u0103 este tratat ca ceva nepl\u0103cut, care trebuie tolerat, acest comportament nu va dura mult\u0103 vreme.\n<ul>\n<li>Exemplu: dac\u0103 copilului dvs. nu \u00eei plac legumele fierte, nu \u00eel for\u021ba\u021bi s\u0103 le m\u0103n\u00e2nce sau nu promite\u021bi dulciuri ca recompens\u0103. Explora\u021bi alte metode de a g\u0103ti legumele care s\u0103 \u00eei plac\u0103 copilului \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eel \u00eempiedice s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i formeze un obicei de a evita legumele.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Translated by: Irina Catrinel Craciun<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Amanda Rebar, Central Queensland University, Australia It will come as no surprise that evidence shows people do not always behave in ways that are best for their long-term health. For example, most people are aware that exercise is good [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":913,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-habit"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ro","enabled_languages":["en","id","my","bg","zh","hr","cz","da","de","es","fr","gr","he","it","ja","kr","lv","lt","hu","nl","no","pl","pt","ro","ru","sk","fi","sv","tr","uk"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"my":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"gr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"he":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/908","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=908"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/908\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4631,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/908\/revisions\/4631"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/913"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=908"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=908"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}