{"id":1192,"date":"2019-01-14T12:59:00","date_gmt":"2019-01-14T12:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=1192"},"modified":"2025-11-04T14:30:04","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T14:30:04","slug":"positive-psychology-interventions-at-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/ro\/2019\/01\/positive-psychology-interventions-at-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Interven\u021bii de psihologie pozitiv\u0103 la locul de munc\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Alexandra Michel, Federal Institute for Occupational Health and Safety, Germany\u00a0 Annekatrin Hoppe<sup>, <\/sup>Humboldt Universit\u00e4t, Germany<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Angaja\u021bii \u00ee\u0219i petrec o mare parte a zilei la locul de munc\u0103. Nu este surprinz\u0103tor c\u0103 dac\u0103 reducem cerin\u021bele \u0219i cre\u0219tem resursele (de ex. Autonomie, suport social, auto-eficacitate) la locul de munc\u0103, atunci putem s\u0103 realiz\u0103m o bun\u0103 balan\u021b\u0103 munc\u0103-via\u021b\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bim starea de bine \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103tatea angaja\u021bilor.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen ultimii ani, cercet\u0103torii au examinat cum s\u0103 repare consecin\u021bele negative ale stresului dar \u0219i cum s\u0103 promoveze resursele pentru a cre\u0219te starea de bine a angaja\u021bilor la servici. O direc\u021bie nou\u0103 \u00een psihologia s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii ocupa\u021bionale este aceea a interven\u021biilor de psihologie pozitiv\u0103 la serviciu. Interven\u021biile de psihologie pozitiv\u0103 se focalizeaz\u0103 pe dezvoltarea resurselor \u0219i preven\u021bia pierderii de resurse \u0219i include activit\u0103\u021bi de cultivare a emo\u021biilor positive, comportamentelor \u0219i cogni\u021biilor. \u00cen acest blog, eviden\u021biem trei abord\u0103ri care ajut\u0103 angaja\u021bii s\u0103 dezvolte resurse care determin\u0103 starea de bine la servici.<!--more--><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong><em>Cum pot s\u0103 identific, s\u0103 experien\u021biez \u0219i s\u0103 valorizez aspectele pozitive la locul de munc\u0103?<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Strategii cognitive ca g\u00e2ndirea optimist, aprecierea experien\u021belor positive la service pot s\u0103 ajute angaja\u021bii s\u0103 tr\u0103iasc\u0103 emo\u021bii pozitive \u0219i s\u0103 se simt\u0103 mai bine. \u00cen studiul nostru, am cerut participan\u021bilor s\u0103 se g\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 la un eveniment seminificativ pozitiv de la locul de munc\u0103. Acesta putea s\u0103 fie o interac\u021biune pozitiv\u0103, o conversa\u021bie cu un coleg, o reu\u0219it\u0103. Le\/am cerut s\u0103 reflecteze la acest evenimen \u0219i s\u0103 se bucure de experien\u021ba pozitiv\u0103. Acest exerci\u021biu de 5 minute a fost repetat 10 zile la r\u00e2nd. Dup\u0103 interven\u021bie, participan\u021bii din grupul de interven\u021bie aveau nivele sc\u0103zute de oboseal\u0103 \u0219i epuizare emo\u021bional\u0103 spre deosebire de cei din grupul de control. Participan\u021bii cu un nevoie mare de recuperare au beneficiat cel mai mult de pe urma acestei activit\u0103\u021bi.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong><em>Cum s\u0103 am energie la locul de munc\u0103? Beneficiile pauzelor<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Cerin\u021bele de la service pot s\u0103 oboseasc\u0103 persoanele \u0219i s\u0103 determine un nivel sc\u0103zut de energie \u0219i epuizare \u0219i oboseal\u0103. Pauzele scurte dau posibilitatea de odihn\u0103 \u0219i distragerea aten\u021biei pentru a men\u021bine sau reface energia. Am dezvoltat dou\u0103 activit\u0103\u021bi de relaxare: o simulare a unei activit\u0103\u021bi \u00een natur\u0103 (de ex s\u0103 asculte sunetele naturii ca valurile sau c\u00e2ntecul p\u0103s\u0103rilor) \u0219i o relaxare muscular\u0103 progresiv\u0103. Clasific\u0103m acete micro interven\u021bii care pot s\u0103 fie effectuate la servici \u0219i care ajut\u0103 la relaxare \u0219i distragerea aten\u021biei de la sarcinile de serviciu. \u00cen studiul nostrum am \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit participan\u021bii alteator \u00een grupul de relaxare cu natura \u0219i cel de relaxare muscular\u0103 progresiv\u0103. Rezultatele arat\u0103 c\u0103 ambele func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u0219i pot s\u0103 fie u\u0219or introduse \u00een rutina de la locul de munc\u0103 pentru a cre\u0219te energia \u0219i a reduce starile de oboseal\u0103 pe parcursul a 10 zile lucr\u0103toare.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong><em>Cum putem s\u0103 g\u0103sim un echilibru \u00eentre munc\u0103 \u0219i via\u021ba privat\u0103?<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Angaja\u021bii care se g\u00e2ndesc la sarcinile de serviciu \u00een timpul liber nu se pot relaxa. Asta duce la sc\u0103derea echilibrului \u00eentre via\u021ba privat\u0103 \u0219i munc\u0103. Conform teoriei limitelor, am dezvoltat o interven\u021bie care s\u0103 ajute angaja\u021bii s\u0103 integreze diferitele domenii ale vie\u021bii lor. Interven\u021bia noastr\u0103 online ofer\u0103 mindfulness ca strategie cognitive emo\u021bional\u0103 de separare. Mindfulness descrie o stare de con\u0219tientizare neevaluativ\u0103 a experien\u021belor curente. \u00cen interven\u021bia noastr\u0103, angaja\u021bii reflectau la strategiile de segmentare (strategii care s\u0103 separe via\u021ba privat\u0103 de munc\u0103) \u0219i \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 exerci\u021bii de respira\u021bie care s\u0103 \u00eei ajute s\u0103 se focalizeze \u00een present \u0219i s\u0103 uite de cogni\u021biile \u0219i emo\u021biile legate de servici. Asta permite angaja\u021bilor s\u0103 se focalizeze pe o activitate specific\u0103 (de ex sa se joace cu copiii acas\u0103) \u0219i s\u0103 uite de grijile legate de locul de munc\u0103. Rezultatele arat\u0103 c\u0103 angaja\u021bii din grupul interventional erau mai pu\u021bin obosi\u021bi emo\u021bional, aveau mai pu\u021bine emo\u021bii negative \u0219i stres legat de conflicul familie\/loc de munc\u0103, la fel ca \u0219i o deta\u0219are psihologic\u0103 \u0219i o satisfac\u021bie crescut\u0103 cu balan\u021ba munc\u0103-via\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Concluzii <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Interven\u021biile de reflec\u021bii pozitive asupra muncii, pause \u0219i separarea domeniilor de via\u021b\u0103 pot ajuta angaja\u021bii s\u0103 dezvolte resurse \u0219i s\u0103 creac\u0103 starea de bine. Pentru organiza\u021bii \u0219i angaja\u021bi exist\u0103 urm\u0103toarele beneficii: interven\u021biile pot s\u0103 fie u\u0219or integrate \u00een activitatea de la servici sau efectuate seara \u00een timpul liber. Interven\u021biile pot s\u0103 fie aplicate la diverse locuri de munc\u0103 \u0219i pot s\u0103 fie accesate pe platforme online, aplica\u021bii smart phone sau h\u00e2rtie. Organiza\u021biile \u0219i angajatorii trebuie s\u0103 re\u021bin\u0103 c\u0103 angajatorii care au nevoie (de ex sunt cople\u0219i\u021bi de cerin\u021bele de la serviciu, au o munc\u0103 care \u00eei solicit emotional) beneficiaz\u0103 de pe urma acestor interven\u021bii \u0219i efectul de lung\u0103 durat\u0103 al acestor interven\u021bii nu este \u00eenc\u0103 cunoscut. Aceste interven\u021bii nu substituie eforturile pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 de promovare a s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii la locul de munc\u0103 (de ex reducerea orelor de munc\u0103, workshop de team building, traininguri) care \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021besc condi\u021biile de munc\u0103 per global.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Recomand\u0103ri practice<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>G\u00e2ndi\u021bi-v\u0103 la ceva ce a mers bine azi la locul de munc\u0103, de exemplu o conversa\u021bie cu un coleg, o prezentare de success, o activitate pl\u0103cut\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Planifica\u021bi pauze scurte pentru a v\u0103 deta\u0219a \u0219i re\u00eenc\u0103rca bateriile. Folosi\u021bi pauzele pentru a v\u0103 relaxa, medita sau merge la o plimbare.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cencerca\u021bi s\u0103 v\u0103 deconecta\u021bi de la munc\u0103. Mici exerci\u021bii de mindfulness pot s\u0103 ajute s\u0103 v\u0103 focaliza\u021bi \u00een prezent \u0219i s\u0103 uita\u021bi de g\u00e2ndurile \u0219i emo\u021biile negative.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>[tradus de dr. Irina Catrinel Craciun]<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Alexandra Michel, Federal Institute for Occupational Health and Safety, Germany and Annekatrin Hoppe, Humboldt Universit\u00e4t, Germany Employees spend a major part of their waking time at work. It is no surprise then that reducing demands and increasing resources (e.g., [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1217,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interventions"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ro","enabled_languages":["en","id","my","bg","zh","hr","cz","da","de","es","fr","gr","he","it","ja","kr","lv","lt","hu","nl","no","pl","pt","ro","ru","sk","sr","fi","sv","tr","uk"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"my":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"gr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"he":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.9 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"{:en}By Alexandra Michel, Federal Institute for Occupational Health and Safety, Germany and Annekatrin Hoppe, Humboldt Universit\u00e4t, Germany Employees spend a major part of their waking time at work. 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