{"id":4306,"date":"2025-08-05T13:04:38","date_gmt":"2025-08-05T13:04:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=4306"},"modified":"2026-04-09T07:47:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T07:47:21","slug":"mylifetool-a-person-centred-holistic-approach-to-the-self-management-of-long-term-conditions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2025\/08\/mylifetool-a-person-centred-holistic-approach-to-the-self-management-of-long-term-conditions\/","title":{"rendered":"MyLifeTool: Uma abordagem hol\u00edstica e centrada na pessoa para a autogest\u00e3o de doen\u00e7as cr\u00f3nicas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Por Dra. Stephanie K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7, Teesside University, Reino Unido, e Jo Cole, Tees Valley, Durham e North Yorkshire Neurological Alliance, Reino Unido<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

As doen\u00e7as cr\u00f3nicas representam uma preocupa\u00e7\u00e3o importante para os sistemas de sa\u00fade a n\u00edvel global, devido \u00e0 sua elevada preval\u00eancia<\/a> e carga da doen\u00e7a, incluindo o impacto significativo nos anos de vida ajustados por incapacidade<\/a>. Al\u00e9m disso, as doen\u00e7as cr\u00f3nicas tamb\u00e9m t\u00eam um impacto negativo na qualidade de vida relacionada com a sa\u00fade<\/a> e est\u00e3o associadas a taxas mais elevadas de ansiedade e de depress\u00e3o<\/a> do que as observadas na popula\u00e7\u00e3o geral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O MyLifeTool<\/em><\/a> \u00e9 uma ferramenta de autogest\u00e3o desenvolvida para pessoas que vivem com algum tipo de condi\u00e7\u00e3o cr\u00f3nica (por exemplo, diabetes, esclerose m\u00faltipla, dor cr\u00f3nica, asma, ansiedade, condi\u00e7\u00f5es do neurodesenvolvimento, les\u00e3o cerebral adquirida, fibromialgia). Foi desenvolvida em colabora\u00e7\u00e3o com pessoas com doen\u00e7as cr\u00f3nicas, membros da associa\u00e7\u00e3o Neuro Key<\/a> e psic\u00f3logos da Universidade Teesside. Esta ferramenta tem por base um quadro conceptual de autogest\u00e3o que privilegia uma perspetiva n\u00e3o instrutiva e centrada na pessoa. Pessoas com doen\u00e7as cr\u00f3nicas estiveram no centro do projeto, tendo decidido o que o MyLifeTool<\/em> deveria ser e o seu nome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A nossa abordagem \u00e0 autogest\u00e3o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

As estrat\u00e9gias tradicionais de autogest\u00e3o de doen\u00e7as cr\u00f3nicas tendem a focar-se nos resultados m\u00e9dicos e estrat\u00e9gias de gest\u00e3o<\/a>, estando demasiado focadas na mudan\u00e7a comportamental, negligenciando, por vezes, o contexto social e relacional<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Em alternativa, a autogest\u00e3o de doen\u00e7as cr\u00f3nicas pode ser vista como um processo vital\u00edcio e din\u00e2mico<\/a>, que se adapta \u00e0s circunst\u00e2ncias de vida e \u00e0 flutua\u00e7\u00e3o de sintomas. Por este motivo, t\u00eam surgido propostas que defendem a passagem de abordagens instrutivas de autogest\u00e3o<\/a> para outras que apoiem as pessoas a considerarem e desenvolverem os seus pr\u00f3prios recursos de autogest\u00e3o. Assim, n\u00f3s entendemos a autogest\u00e3o como uma viagem para encontrar ou manter significado e prop\u00f3sito na vida<\/a>. \u00c9 um processo cont\u00ednuo, que cada pessoa ajusta a partir da sua perspetiva, em fun\u00e7\u00e3o da sua vida, objetivos, necessidades, e, eventualmente, mudan\u00e7as ao n\u00edvel da sua condi\u00e7\u00e3o. O foco est\u00e1 sempre na pessoa, e n\u00e3o no diagn\u00f3stico. Assim sendo, uma parte significativa do MyLifeTool<\/em> incentiva os utilizadores a refletirem sobre que estrat\u00e9gias de autogest\u00e3o funcionam ou n\u00e3o para si.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Estrutura do MyLifeTool<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O MyLifeTool<\/em> \u00e9 composto por cinco brochuras, cada uma com atividades que t\u00eam por base psicologia positiva e incentivam a pessoa a explorar os seus pontos fortes. A investiga\u00e7\u00e3o tem mostrado que viver com prop\u00f3sito \u00e9 importante para pessoas com doen\u00e7as cr\u00f3nicas<\/a> e est\u00e1 associado a crescimento pessoal e a melhores resultados de sa\u00fade<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brochura 1: \u201cEu e a minha condi\u00e7\u00e3o\u201d,<\/strong> foca-se na identidade e em a se come\u00e7ar a ver de uma forma mais positiva. Incentiva a pessoa a ser mais tolerante consigo pr\u00f3pria e a reconhecer que n\u00e3o \u00e9 definida pela sua condi\u00e7\u00e3o. Inclui atividades que promovem a reflex\u00e3o sobre quem \u00e9 a pessoa, quais os seus valores e o que esperam de si.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brochura 2: \u201cAceitar o meu corpo\u201d,<\/strong> explora estrat\u00e9gias de planeamento e de dosagem do esfor\u00e7o (pacing<\/em>), frequentes em programas de autogest\u00e3o. As atividades incentivam a pessoa a ouvir o seu corpo, reconhercer quando ultrapassaram os seus limites e a refletir sobre formas de gerir os n\u00edveis de energia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brochura 3: \u201cAssumir o controlo\u201d,<\/strong> \u00e9 sobre reconhecer as for\u00e7as pessoais, construir resili\u00eancia e aproveitar ao m\u00e1ximo os dias bons. Incentiva a uma postura mais ativa na gest\u00e3o da condi\u00e7\u00e3o atrav\u00e9s do conhecimento sobre a doen\u00e7a e da forma como esta se integra na sua vida. Inclui atividades de estabelecimento de objetivos e de valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o de compet\u00eancias pessoais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brochura 4: \u201cLigar-se aos outros\u201d,<\/strong> sublinha a import\u00e2ncia de receber apoio, mas tamb\u00e9m os benef\u00edcios de apoiar os outros, uma vez que ambas as experi\u00eancias podem refor\u00e7ar o significado e prop\u00f3sito de vida. Cont\u00e9m atividades que exploram formas de comunicar necessidades a familiares, amigos, profissionais de sa\u00fade e outros t\u00e9cnicos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brochura 5: \u201cO que \u00e9 importante para mim\u201d,<\/strong> ajuda a identificar o que d\u00e1 sentido e prop\u00f3sito \u00e0 vida e como reservar tempo para si pr\u00f3prio\/a. O prop\u00f3sito pode assumir diferentes formas: manter-se ativo, ter uma raz\u00e3o para se levantar de manh\u00e3 ou desafiar-se a si pr\u00f3prio\/a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O Caderno Reflexivo<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para apoiar a reflex\u00e3o, o MyLifeTool<\/em> inclui um caderno reflexivo \u2013 um espa\u00e7o criativo que ajuda as pessoas a pensar sobre as suas experi\u00eancias, objetivos e conquistas. O caderno \u00e9 aberto e n\u00e3o diretivo, podendo ser usado atrav\u00e9s de diferentes t\u00e9cnicas criativas ou como um di\u00e1rio pessoal. Este tipo de abordagens criativas<\/a> permitem as pessoas explorarem as suas experi\u00eancias em detalhe e refletir sobre o seu significado de forma mais aut\u00eantica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O MyLifeTool<\/em> \u00e9 utilizado por organiza\u00e7\u00f5es do setor volunt\u00e1rio e por profissionais de sa\u00fade mental no Reino Unido. Est\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel gratuitamente online<\/a>, quer para uso pessoal, quer para utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o em contexto cl\u00ednico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do MyLifeTool<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

As pessoas que utilizaram o MyLifeTool<\/em> durante 12 semanas<\/a> consideraram que esta ferramenta aux\u00edliou na autogest\u00e3o da sua condi\u00e7\u00e3o, no seu crescimento pessoal e na aceita\u00e7\u00e3o de viver com uma doen\u00e7a cr\u00f3nica. As medidas de bem-estar recolhidas antes e depois da utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o desta ferramenta mostraram melhorias ao n\u00edvel da autoefic\u00e1cia, empoderamento e dosagem do esfor\u00e7o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es pr\u00e1ticas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olhar para a pessoa, e n\u00e3o apenas para o diagn\u00f3stico<\/strong>: As doen\u00e7as cr\u00f3nicas afetam todas as \u00e1reas da vida da pessoa. \u00c9 importante apoi\u00e1-las a refletir sobre como a sua condi\u00e7\u00e3o se integra na sua hist\u00f3ria, tendo em considera\u00e7\u00e3o poss\u00edveis altera\u00e7\u00f5es que possam ocorrer ao n\u00edvel da doen\u00e7a em si, circunst\u00e2ncias pessoais, necessidades e objetivos de vida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A autogest\u00e3o \u00e9 cont\u00ednua<\/strong>: N\u00e3o \u00e9 poss\u00edvel aprender a fazer autogest\u00e3o de uma condi\u00e7\u00e3o cr\u00f3nica atrav\u00e9s de um curso de curta dura\u00e7\u00e3o. Sendo estas condi\u00e7\u00f5es potencialmente vital\u00edcias e com sintomas vari\u00e1veis, encorajar a reflex\u00e3o cont\u00ednua sobre a sua autogest\u00e3o pode ajudar as pessoas a adaptarem-se a mudan\u00e7as ao longo do tempo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Significado e prop\u00f3sito<\/strong>: \u00c9 importante apoiar as pessoas a refletir e explorar sobre o que lhes d\u00e1 sentido e prop\u00f3sito na vida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Foco nos pontos fortes<\/strong>: As pessoas que utilizaram o MyLifeTool valorizaram a forma como a ferramenta se foca naquilo que as pessoas conseguem fazer, em vez de se do que n\u00e3o conseguem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Traduzido por Aaliyah Boornois e Carolina Silva.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By\u00a0Dr Stephanie K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7, Teesside University, UK and Jo Cole, the Tees Valley, Durham and North Yorkshire Neurological Alliance, UK\u00a0 Long-term conditions are a major concern for global health care systems given their high prevalence and disease burden, including their significant […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":4309,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"By\u00a0Dr Stephanie K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7, Teesside University, UK and Jo Cole, the Tees Valley, Durham and North Yorkshire Neurological Alliance, UK\u00a0<\/strong>\n\nLong-term conditions are a major concern for global health care systems given their <\/span>high prevalence<\/span><\/a> and <\/span>disease burden, including their significant impact on disability-adjusted life years.<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 They also have a significant <\/span>negative impact on health-related quality of life<\/span><\/a> and are associated with <\/span>higher rates of anxiety and depression<\/span><\/a> than the general population.<\/span>\n\nMyLifeTool<\/span><\/a> is a self-management tool for people living with any long-term condition (e.g. diabetes, multiple sclerosis, chronic pain, asthma, anxiety, neurodevelopmental conditions, Acquired Brain Injury, Fibromyalgia).\u00a0 It was developed in partnership with people with long-term conditions, members of <\/span>Neuro Key<\/span><\/a> and psychologists from Teesside University.\u00a0 It is underpinned by our <\/span>self-management framework<\/span><\/a> which takes a person-centred, non-instructive perspective on self-management.\u00a0 People with long-term conditions were at the heart of the project, forging the decisions on what MyLifeTool would become and choosing the name.<\/span>\n\nOur approach to self-management<\/b>\n\nSelf-management strategies for long-term conditions often <\/span>focus on medical outcomes and management strategies<\/span><\/a> and are too concerned with behaviour change, <\/span>neglecting the social and relational context<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0 Alternatively, self-management of long-term conditions can be viewed as a <\/span>lifelong, fluid process<\/span><\/a> which can change depending on life circumstances and symptom fluctuation.\u00a0 As a result, there are proposals to <\/span>move from instructional self-management approaches<\/span><\/a> to ones which support people to consider and develop their own self-management resources. With this in mind, we view self-management is a journey towards <\/span>finding or maintaining meaning and purpose in life<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0 It is an ongoing process that people approach from their own perspective, to fit with their life, aims and needs and changes in their condition.\u00a0 It is also about the person, not the diagnosis.\u00a0 For this reason, a large part of MyLifeTool requires users to reflect upon which self-management strategies do and do not work for them.<\/span>\n\nHow MyLifeTool is structured<\/b>\n\nMyLifeTool comprises five booklets which contain different positive psychology activities, encouraging people to explore their strengths.\u00a0 Research has found that <\/span>living a purposeful life is important to people with long-term conditions<\/span><\/a> and is <\/span>associated with personal growth and better health outcomes<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\n\nBook 1: \u201cMe and my condition\u201d,<\/b> focuses on identity and starting to see yourself in a more positive light.\u00a0 It is about being kinder to yourself and recognising that you are not defined by your condition.\u00a0 The booklet contains activities to encourage people to think about who they are, their values and what they expect from themselves.<\/span>\n\nBook 2<\/b>:<\/span> \u201cEmbracing my body\u201d, <\/b>explores planning and pacing strategies that you often see in self-management programmes.\u00a0 Activities encourage you to listen to your body, recognise when you have done too much and reflect upon ways to manage your energy levels.\u00a0<\/span>\n\nBook 3: \u201cTaking charge\u201d,<\/b> is about recognising your strengths, building resilience and making the most of the good days. It encourages you to be more active in your condition management by learning more about your condition and how it fits within your life.\u00a0 Activities include goal setting and recognising strengths.<\/span>\n\nBook 4: \u201cConnecting with others\u201d,<\/b> recognises the importance of receiving support, as well as the benefits of giving support to others, as both can enhance meaning and purpose in life.\u00a0 Activities explore how to communicate your needs to others, such as family and friends, but also medical practitioners and other professionals.<\/span>\n\nBook 5<\/b>: <\/span>\u201cWhat's important to me\u201d,<\/b> considers what gives you purpose in life and how you can find time for yourself.\u00a0 People find purpose in a variety of different ways: keeping busy; having a reason to get out of bed in the morning; challenging themselves.<\/span>\n\nThe Reflective Scrapbook<\/b>\n\nTo support reflection, MyLifeTool contains a scrapbook; a creative space that can help people to think about their experiences, aims and achievements.\u00a0 T<\/span>he scrapbook is open and non-directive, so people can use various creative activities techniques that suit them, or they can use the scrapbook as a diary if they prefer.\u00a0 <\/span>Creative approaches<\/span><\/a> like this can enable people to explore their experiences in detail and reflect upon their meaning in more authentic ways.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\n\nMyLifeTool is used by UK-based voluntary sector organisations and mental health practitioners. It <\/span>is available for free <\/span>online<\/span><\/a> for people with long-term conditions to use themselves or for practitioners to use with patients\/clients.<\/span>\n\nEvaluation of MyLifeTool<\/b>\n\nPeople who used MyLifeTool for 12 weeks<\/span><\/a> found it beneficial in supporting their self-management, personal growth and enhancing their acceptance of living with a long-term condition.\u00a0 Wellbeing measures taken before and after using the tool also show improvements in self-efficacy, empowerment and pacing ability.<\/span>\n\nPractical recommendations<\/b>\n\nSee the whole person, not the diagnosis<\/b>: Long-term conditions affect all aspects of a person\u2019s life.\u00a0 We can support people to reflect on how their condition fits into their lives, taking into consideration potential changes in their condition, life circumstances, needs and aims for the future.<\/span>\n\nSelf-management is ongoing<\/b>: A person cannot learn to self-manage their condition(s) by taking part in a short course.\u00a0 Long-term conditions are potentially life-long and symptoms and impact can fluctuate.\u00a0 Encouraging people to reflect on their self-management can support them to adapt to changes in their life circumstances and condition long term.<\/span>\n\nMeaning and purpose<\/b>: Support people with long-term conditions to reflect upon and explore what gives them meaning and purpose in life.<\/span>\n\nFocus on strengths<\/b>: People who have used MyLifeTool have valued the way it focuses on what people with long-term conditions can do, rather than what they can\u2019t do.<\/span>","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interventions","category-self-regulation"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"pt","enabled_languages":["en","id","my","bg","zh","hr","cz","da","de","es","fr","gr","he","it","ja","kr","lv","lt","hu","nl","no","pl","pt","ro","ru","sk","sr","fi","sv","tr","uk"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"my":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"gr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"he":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t