{"id":1513,"date":"2019-11-01T14:49:04","date_gmt":"2019-11-01T14:49:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=1513"},"modified":"2025-11-04T14:24:18","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T14:24:18","slug":"n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/","title":{"rendered":"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Por Marie Johnston e Derek Johnston, Universidade de Aberdeen, Esc\u00f3cia<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os profissionais de sa\u00fade querem frequentemente a resposta para um problema que diz respeito a uma pessoa, uma equipa de sa\u00fade, um hospital, ou uma regi\u00e3o etc. Por exemplo, pode ser importante saber com que frequ\u00eancia uma pessoa com obesidade come, quando e onde come, e se o <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stress<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> agrava o problema. Ou pode ser relevante examinar com detalhe a frequ\u00eancia com que os membros de uma equipa de sa\u00fade negligenciam a higieniza\u00e7\u00e3o das m\u00e3os, se diminui quando h\u00e1 falta de pessoal, se adicionar posters ou <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">flyers <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">de apelo \u00e0 higieniza\u00e7\u00e3o das m\u00e3os ajuda a aumentar a frequ\u00eancia desse comportamento. Ou, a um n\u00edvel pol\u00edtico, investigar como \u00e9 que novas regulamenta\u00e7\u00f5es, como a proibi\u00e7\u00e3o de fumar em locais p\u00fablicos, afetou as taxas de consumo de tabaco.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pode-se tentar responder a estas quest\u00f5es perguntando \u00e0s pr\u00f3prias pessoas o que elas pensam ou do que se lembram, mas poder\u00e1 ser mais eficaz observar ou perguntar nos momentos e locais cr\u00edticos, para evitar enviesamento e esquecimento. Os recentes avan\u00e7os tecnol\u00f3gicos, como a monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o digital usando por exemplo smartphones, facilitam o rastreamento do que est\u00e1 a acontecer em tempo real, e um estudo N=1 (caso \u00fanico) pode ajudar a responder a quest\u00f5es de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o como as mencionadas neste texto.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os estudos N=1 s\u00e3o poss\u00edveis quando o problema pode ser <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Michael_Hufford\/publication\/5340880_Ecolocial_Momentary_Assessment\/links\/0fcfd50ba0b1740ac2000000.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">medido repetidamente<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> para se observar as mudan\u00e7as no indiv\u00edduo ao longo do tempo. Isto permite ter uma descri\u00e7\u00e3o detalhada do problema e examinar se melhora ou piora sob algumas condi\u00e7\u00f5es, ou introduzir uma nova interven\u00e7\u00e3o ou tratamento e avaliar se est\u00e1 a ter o efeito previsto.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A avalia\u00e7\u00e3o mais simples dos dados recolhidos \u00e9 a observa\u00e7\u00e3o de tend\u00eancias atrav\u00e9s de um gr\u00e1fico, como nas ilustra\u00e7\u00f5es abaixo. Este \u00e9 um passo essencial em qualquer an\u00e1lise N=1 e em alguns casos ser\u00e1 suficiente. Existem tamb\u00e9m <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/17437199.2017.1316672\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">m\u00e9todos de an\u00e1lises estat\u00edsticas<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> para este tipo de estudos, e m\u00e9todos mais complexos continuam a ser desenvolvidos (por exemplo, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/17437199.2017.1343680\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">m\u00e9todos para avaliar mudan\u00e7as din\u00e2micas<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><b>Usar estudos N=1 para avaliar o problema<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Um estudo pode ser realizado para <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">avaliar <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a gravidade, a frequ\u00eancia, ou o padr\u00e3o de um problema ao longo do tempo. Por exemplo na Figura 1, as classifica\u00e7\u00f5es de ansiedade variam com o tempo, mas \u00e9 poss\u00edvel detectar um padr\u00e3o. O padr\u00e3o observado mostra que h\u00e1 diferen\u00e7a nos n\u00edveis de ansiedade entre os dias de semana em que h\u00e1 um registo de presen\u00e7a no trabalho e os fins de semana. Este tipo de informa\u00e7\u00e3o pode ser \u00fatil na escolha do m\u00e9todo de tratamento ideal para <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/348\/bmj.g2674\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">o paciente<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As informa\u00e7\u00f5es recolhidas nestes estudos de caso \u00fanico podem ir para al\u00e9m da descri\u00e7\u00e3o do problema e ajudar a explicar o que \u00e9 observado. Em alguns casos, o profissional pode ter uma teoria sobre o que influencia o problema observado e pode ser poss\u00edvel testar <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/bjhp.12049\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">o qu\u00e3o bem a teoria explica os fen\u00f3menos observados<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Figura 1:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Estudo N=1 para descrever um problema:<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a azul est\u00e3o os registos de ansiedade e a vermelho os dias de trabalho, num per\u00edodo de 24 dias<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1514\" src=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"826\" height=\"447\" srcset=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1.png 826w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1-500x271.png 500w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1-768x416.png 768w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1-230x124.png 230w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1-350x189.png 350w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-1-480x260.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 826px) 100vw, 826px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>Usar estudos N=1 para avaliar se um evento\/ ocorr\u00eancia agravou ou atenuou o problema<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os problemas podem ser atenuados ou agravados pela ocorr\u00eancia de eventos naturais ou planeados, como a morte de um familiar ou um casamento, a transmiss\u00e3o de informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre sa\u00fade pelos media, ou at\u00e9 pelo clima. Na ilustra\u00e7\u00e3o hipot\u00e9tica da Figura 2, as consultas da gripe aumentaram substancialmente na semana seguinte a uma transmiss\u00e3o na TV sobre a gripe. Isto sugere que esse aumento n\u00e3o se deveu a uma epidemia iminente, e tamb\u00e9m que, no futuro, os servi\u00e7os de sa\u00fade podem antecipar aumentos semelhantes em consultas quando condi\u00e7\u00f5es cl\u00ednicas s\u00e3o not\u00edcia. Uma an\u00e1lise N=1 de ocorr\u00eancias de hospitais ingleses, permitiu verificar um <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/325\/7378\/1439?eaf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aumento nas internamentos por epis\u00f3dios card\u00edacos associados a um importante jogo de futebol<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> durante o Campeonato do Mundo de 1998.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Figura 2: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Usar estudos N=1 na avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do efeito de um evento: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">h\u00e1 aproximadamente 40 consultas relacionadas com a gripe. Depois de uma transmiss\u00e3o na TV sobre a gripe (indicada pela seta), o n\u00famero de consultas aumentou\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1515\" src=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"853\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure2.jpg 1082w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure2-500x212.jpg 500w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure2-768x326.jpg 768w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure2-830x352.jpg 830w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure2-230x98.jpg 230w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure2-350x148.jpg 350w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure2-480x204.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 853px) 100vw, 853px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>Usar estudos N=1 para avaliar se uma interven\u00e7\u00e3o ou tratamento est\u00e1 a ter o efeito desejado<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os m\u00e9todos dos estudos N=1 podem ser usados \u200b\u200bno <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/337\/bmj.a1655\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">desenvolvimento de novas interven\u00e7\u00f5es<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, incluindo interven\u00e7\u00f5es cl\u00ednicas e de pol\u00edticas de sa\u00fade. No exemplo hipot\u00e9tico da figura 3, um indiv\u00edduo com obesidade est\u00e1 a comer snacks fora dos momentos de refei\u00e7\u00e3o cerca de 7 vezes por dia; ap\u00f3s a interven\u00e7\u00e3o indicada pela linha vermelha (possivelmente a automonitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o desses pequenos lanches), a frequ\u00eancia desse comportamento alimentar reduz rapidamente para 2 vezes por dia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u00e9todos semelhantes podem ser usados \u200b\u200bpara estudar os<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.smokinginengland.info\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> h\u00e1bitos tab\u00e1gicos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> de um pa\u00eds e avaliar o impacto de mudan\u00e7as pol\u00edticas nesse comportamento, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.smokinginengland.info\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">como pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas afetam o consumo de tabaco<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,\u00a0 por exemplo.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Um bom exemplo do uso pr\u00e1tico dos m\u00e9todos N=1 para avaliar o efeito de uma interven\u00e7\u00e3o foi relatado por profissionais de um hospital de uma regi\u00e3o. Estes profissionais avaliaram o problema do atraso na notifica\u00e7\u00e3o de eventos adversos no per\u00edodo de 2001 a 2006 e descobriram que, embora o atraso variasse, era problem\u00e1tico para o seu programa de seguran\u00e7a do paciente e n\u00e3o havia sinais de melhora ao longo do tempo. Em 2007 e 2008, foi introduzido um programa para reconhecer o bom desempenho, o que levou \u00e0 redu\u00e7\u00e3o dos atrasos nos anos subsequentes. Este estudo mostra <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/qualitysafety.bmj.com\/content\/20\/11\/974.long\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">como o reconhecimento de performance (exemplo, notifica\u00e7\u00e3o de eventos adversos) levou \u00e0\u00a0 melhoria na tempo de reda\u00e7\u00e3o de relat\u00f3rios<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Figura 3: Usar estudos N=1 para avaliar o efeito de uma interven\u00e7\u00e3<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">o:<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> os primeiros 15 dias mostram que a frequ\u00eancia de monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o do consumo de snacks fora das refei\u00e7\u00f5es iniciadas ao 16\u00ba dia (linha vermelha) resultou num decr\u00e9scimo deste comportamento alimentar.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1516\" src=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"691\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-3.jpg 691w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-3-500x257.jpg 500w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-3-230x118.jpg 230w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-3-350x180.jpg 350w, https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Figure-3-480x247.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 691px) 100vw, 691px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>Desafios<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A recolha de dados em estudos N=1 (caso unico) pode ser dif\u00edcil. Medi\u00e7\u00f5es repetidas frequentes podem ser onerosas e resultar na falta de dados. O r\u00e1pido desenvolvimento de tecnologias m\u00f3veis e digitais acess\u00edveis, incluindo <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">smartphones<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, tornam a recolha de dados mais f\u00e1cil e fi\u00e1vel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es pr\u00e1ticas<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use um estudo N=1 em situa\u00e7\u00f5es pr\u00e1ticas<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">para descrever e avaliar um problema,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">avaliar os efeitos de uma interven\u00e7\u00e3o ou de um evento.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Avalie um problema ou algo importante que possa ser avaliado repetidamente ao longo do tempo.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interprete os dados usando m\u00e9todos descritivos, como gr\u00e1ficos ou m\u00e9todos estat\u00edsticos.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.experiencesampler.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aplica\u00e7\u00f5es para <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">smartphone<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> gratuitas<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">para recolher dados auto-reportados.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Traduzido por Jorge Encantado e Marta Marques<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<div id=\"gtx-trans\" style=\"position: absolute; left: 20px; top: 40px;\">\n<div class=\"gtx-trans-icon\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Marie Johnston and Derek Johnston, University of Aberdeen, Scotland Practitioners frequently want the answer to a problem which concerns one person, one health care team, one hospital or one region etc.\u00a0 For example, it may be important to know [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1522,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[32,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-assessment","category-interventions"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"pt","enabled_languages":["en","id","my","bg","zh","hr","cz","da","de","es","fr","gr","he","it","ja","kr","lv","lt","hu","nl","no","pl","pt","ro","ru","sk","sr","fi","et","sv","tr","uk","hi","sw","ta"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"my":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"gr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"he":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"et":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hi":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sw":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ta":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"{:en}By Marie Johnston and Derek Johnston, University of Aberdeen, Scotland Practitioners frequently want the answer to a problem which concerns one person, one health care team, one hospital or one region etc. For example, it may be important to know how often an obese man snacks, when and where he snacks and if stress makes\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marie Johnston&nbsp;and&nbsp;Derek Johnston\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.10\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Practical Health Psychology - Traduzindo a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o para a pr\u00e1tica, uma publica\u00e7\u00e3o de cada vez\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos? - Practical Health Psychology\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"{:en}By Marie Johnston and Derek Johnston, University of Aberdeen, Scotland Practitioners frequently want the answer to a problem which concerns one person, one health care team, one hospital or one region etc. For example, it may be important to know how often an obese man snacks, when and where he snacks and if stress makes\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-11-01T14:49:04+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-04T14:24:18+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos? - Practical Health Psychology\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"{:en}By Marie Johnston and Derek Johnston, University of Aberdeen, Scotland Practitioners frequently want the answer to a problem which concerns one person, one health care team, one hospital or one region etc. For example, it may be important to know how often an obese man snacks, when and where he snacks and if stress makes\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"aioseo-schema\">\n\t\t\t{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"BlogPosting\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/#blogposting\",\"name\":\"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \\u00fanicos? - Practical Health Psychology\",\"headline\":\"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \\u00fanicos?\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/author\\\/PHPAdmin\\\/?mab_v3=1513#author\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/shutterstock_1204727551-2.jpg\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":667},\"datePublished\":\"2019-11-01T14:49:04+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-04T14:24:18+00:00\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/#webpage\"},\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/#webpage\"},\"articleSection\":\"Assessment, Interventions\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/#breadcrumblist\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt#listItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/category\\\/interventions\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"Interventions\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/category\\\/interventions\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Interventions\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/category\\\/interventions\\\/\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \\u00fanicos?\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt#listItem\",\"name\":\"Home\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \\u00fanicos?\",\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/category\\\/interventions\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"Interventions\"}}]},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Practical Health Psychology\",\"description\":\"Traduzindo a investiga\\u00e7\\u00e3o para a pr\\u00e1tica, uma publica\\u00e7\\u00e3o de cada vez\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/author\\\/PHPAdmin\\\/?mab_v3=1513#author\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/author\\\/PHPAdmin\\\/?mab_v3=1513\",\"name\":\"Marie Johnston&nbsp;and&nbsp;Derek Johnston\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/#authorImage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/d7ff56ee0dffacff002535f38debb313063d4c3e905c74f2b190c9386d762e21?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"width\":96,\"height\":96,\"caption\":\"Marie Johnston&nbsp;and&nbsp;Derek Johnston\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/\",\"name\":\"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \\u00fanicos? - Practical Health Psychology\",\"description\":\"{:en}By Marie Johnston and Derek Johnston, University of Aberdeen, Scotland Practitioners frequently want the answer to a problem which concerns one person, one health care team, one hospital or one region etc. For example, it may be important to know how often an obese man snacks, when and where he snacks and if stress makes\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/#website\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/#breadcrumblist\"},\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/author\\\/PHPAdmin\\\/?mab_v3=1513#author\"},\"creator\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/author\\\/PHPAdmin\\\/?mab_v3=1513#author\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/shutterstock_1204727551-2.jpg\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/#mainImage\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":667},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\\\/#mainImage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2019-11-01T14:49:04+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-04T14:24:18+00:00\"},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/\",\"name\":\"Practical Health Psychology\",\"description\":\"Traduzindo a investiga\\u00e7\\u00e3o para a pr\\u00e1tica, uma publica\\u00e7\\u00e3o de cada vez\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\\\/pt\\\/#organization\"}}]}\n\t\t<\/script>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos? - Practical Health Psychology","description":"{:en}By Marie Johnston and Derek Johnston, University of Aberdeen, Scotland Practitioners frequently want the answer to a problem which concerns one person, one health care team, one hospital or one region etc. For example, it may be important to know how often an obese man snacks, when and where he snacks and if stress makes","canonical_url":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/#blogposting","name":"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos? - Practical Health Psychology","headline":"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos?","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/author\/PHPAdmin\/?mab_v3=1513#author"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/#organization"},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/shutterstock_1204727551-2.jpg","width":1000,"height":667},"datePublished":"2019-11-01T14:49:04+00:00","dateModified":"2025-11-04T14:24:18+00:00","inLanguage":"pt-PT","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/#webpage"},"isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/#webpage"},"articleSection":"Assessment, Interventions"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt#listItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/category\/interventions\/#listItem","name":"Interventions"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/category\/interventions\/#listItem","position":2,"name":"Interventions","item":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/category\/interventions\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/#listItem","name":"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos?"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt#listItem","name":"Home"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/#listItem","position":3,"name":"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos?","previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/category\/interventions\/#listItem","name":"Interventions"}}]},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/#organization","name":"Practical Health Psychology","description":"Traduzindo a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o para a pr\u00e1tica, uma publica\u00e7\u00e3o de cada vez","url":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/author\/PHPAdmin\/?mab_v3=1513#author","url":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/author\/PHPAdmin\/?mab_v3=1513","name":"Marie Johnston&nbsp;and&nbsp;Derek Johnston","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/#authorImage","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d7ff56ee0dffacff002535f38debb313063d4c3e905c74f2b190c9386d762e21?s=96&d=mm&r=g","width":96,"height":96,"caption":"Marie Johnston&nbsp;and&nbsp;Derek Johnston"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/","name":"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos? - Practical Health Psychology","description":"{:en}By Marie Johnston and Derek Johnston, University of Aberdeen, Scotland Practitioners frequently want the answer to a problem which concerns one person, one health care team, one hospital or one region etc. For example, it may be important to know how often an obese man snacks, when and where he snacks and if stress makes","inLanguage":"pt-PT","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/#breadcrumblist"},"author":{"@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/author\/PHPAdmin\/?mab_v3=1513#author"},"creator":{"@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/author\/PHPAdmin\/?mab_v3=1513#author"},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/shutterstock_1204727551-2.jpg","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/#mainImage","width":1000,"height":667},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/#mainImage"},"datePublished":"2019-11-01T14:49:04+00:00","dateModified":"2025-11-04T14:24:18+00:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/#website","url":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/","name":"Practical Health Psychology","description":"Traduzindo a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o para a pr\u00e1tica, uma publica\u00e7\u00e3o de cada vez","inLanguage":"pt-PT","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/#organization"}}]},"og:locale":"pt_PT","og:site_name":"Practical Health Psychology - Traduzindo a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o para a pr\u00e1tica, uma publica\u00e7\u00e3o de cada vez","og:type":"article","og:title":"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos? - Practical Health Psychology","og:description":"{:en}By Marie Johnston and Derek Johnston, University of Aberdeen, Scotland Practitioners frequently want the answer to a problem which concerns one person, one health care team, one hospital or one region etc. For example, it may be important to know how often an obese man snacks, when and where he snacks and if stress makes","og:url":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/","article:published_time":"2019-11-01T14:49:04+00:00","article:modified_time":"2025-11-04T14:24:18+00:00","twitter:card":"summary_large_image","twitter:title":"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos? - Practical Health Psychology","twitter:description":"{:en}By Marie Johnston and Derek Johnston, University of Aberdeen, Scotland Practitioners frequently want the answer to a problem which concerns one person, one health care team, one hospital or one region etc. For example, it may be important to know how often an obese man snacks, when and where he snacks and if stress makes"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"1513","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":{"focus":{"keyphrase":"","score":0,"analysis":{"keyphraseInTitle":{"score":0,"maxScore":9,"error":1}}},"additional":[]},"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":"","og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"BlogPosting","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":"-1","robots_max_videopreview":"-1","robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":"default","local_seo":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"ai":{"faqs":[],"keyPoints":[],"titles":[],"descriptions":[],"socialPosts":{"email":[],"linkedin":[],"twitter":[],"facebook":[],"instagram":[]}},"created":"2024-07-02 13:50:59","updated":"2025-11-04 14:27:07","seo_analyzer_scan_date":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/category\/interventions\/\" title=\"Interventions\">Interventions<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\tEstudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos?\n\t\t<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"Home","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt"},{"label":"Interventions","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/category\/interventions\/"},{"label":"Estudos N=1: O que podemos aprender com estudos de casos \u00fanicos?","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/2019\/11\/n-of-1-studies-what-can-we-learn-by-studying-a-single-case\/"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1513","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1513"}],"version-history":[{"count":36,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1513\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4603,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1513\/revisions\/4603"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1513"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}