{"id":4677,"date":"2026-01-26T08:59:57","date_gmt":"2026-01-26T08:59:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=4677"},"modified":"2026-03-27T07:53:38","modified_gmt":"2026-03-27T07:53:38","slug":"supporting-health-workers-in-addressing-vaccine-hesitancy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/2026\/01\/supporting-health-workers-in-addressing-vaccine-hesitancy\/","title":{"rendered":"Atbalsts vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbiniekiem saist\u012bb\u0101 ar cilv\u0113ku nev\u0113l\u0113\u0161anos vakcin\u0113ties\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Davna Holforda (Dawn Holford<\/i>), Bristoles Universit\u0101te, Apvienot\u0101 Karaliste, Linda Karlsone (Linda Karlsson<\/i>), Turku Universit\u0101te, Somija, Frederike Tauberte (Frederike Taubert<\/i>), Erfurtes Universit\u0101te, V\u0101cija, Emma C. Andersone (Emma C. Anderson<\/i>), Bristoles Universit\u0101te, Apvienot\u0101 Karaliste, Vird\u017e\u012bnija C. Goulda (Virginia C. Gould<\/i>), Bristoles Universit\u0101te, Apvienot\u0101 Karaliste\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0101rskat\u012bt mald\u012bgus priek\u0161status par vakcin\u0101ciju\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vakcin\u0101cija ir viens no veiksm\u012bg\u0101kajiem sabiedr\u012bbas vesel\u012bbas instrumentiem \u2013 tiek l\u0113sts, ka t\u0101 <\/span>gl\u0101bj 6 dz\u012bv\u012bbas katru min\u016bti<\/span><\/a>. Ta\u010du vakcin\u0101cija saskaras ar\u012b ar sabiedr\u012bbas pretest\u012bbu, un past\u0101v\u012bg\u0101 dezinform\u0101cija grauj sabiedr\u012bbas uztic\u0113\u0161anos vakcin\u0101cijai un rada izaicin\u0101jumus vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbiniekiem, kuri iesaist\u012bti vakcin\u0113\u0161an\u0101. K\u0101 vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbiniekiem sp\u0113t izsekot maldino\u0161u st\u0101stu pl\u016bdiem par vakc\u012bn\u0101m? Ko vi\u0146iem teikt pacientiem, kuri min \u0161os st\u0101stus k\u0101 iemeslus nevakcin\u0113ties vai nevakcin\u0113t savus b\u0113rnus?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Lai gan var\u0113tu b\u016bt k\u0101rdin\u0101jums argument\u0113t, atsaucoties uz faktiem, j\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101, ka kori\u0123\u0113t mald\u012bgos uzskatus par vakc\u012bn\u0101m, ko bie\u017ei vien veicina dezinform\u0101cija, <\/span>nevar tikai daloties ar faktos balst\u012btu inform\u0101ciju<\/span><\/a>. \u0145emiet piem\u0113ru no <\/span>sen atsp\u0113kot\u0101 m\u012bta par vakc\u012bn\u0101m un autismu<\/span><\/a>: neskatoties uz p\u0113t\u012bjumiem gadu desmitu garum\u0101 un pla\u0161iem pier\u0101d\u012bjumiem, ka starp to nav saist\u012bbas, vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbinieki joproj\u0101m saskaras ar \u0161\u012bm ba\u017e\u0101m vec\u0101ku vid\u016b. \u0160\u0101di m\u012bti ir \u201clip\u012bgi\u201d, jo <\/span>tie sp\u0113l\u0113 uz visdzi\u013c\u0101k apsl\u0113pt\u0101m cilv\u0113ku bail\u0113m, izmantojot sp\u0113c\u012bgus st\u0101stus, kas no pirm\u0101 acu uzmetiena \u0161\u0137iet patiesi<\/span><\/a>. Lai uztur\u0113tu \u0161os m\u012btus dz\u012bvus sabiedr\u012bb\u0101, tos var <\/span>izmantot ar\u012b\u00a0 politisku m\u0113r\u0137u sasnieg\u0161anai<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ko vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbinieki var teikt tiem, kuriem ir mald\u012bgi uzskati par vakc\u012bn\u0101m? Viss s\u0101kas ar izpratni par to, kas ietekm\u0113 cilv\u0113ka uzskatus. Iedom\u0101simies divus vec\u0101kus \u2013 T\u012bnu un Tomu. Abi ir noraiz\u0113ju\u0161ies, ka vi\u0146u b\u0113rnu im\u016bnsist\u0113ma netiks gal\u0101 ar vis\u0101m ieteicamaj\u0101m vakcin\u0101cij\u0101m. \u0160is ir v\u0113l viens izplat\u012bts mald\u012bgs uzskats: fakts ir t\u0101ds, ka vakc\u012bn\u0101s ir tikai niec\u012bga \u201cdeva\u201d v\u012brusa vai bakt\u0113rijas, sal\u012bdzinot ar re\u0101lu slim\u012bbu. Tomam ba\u017eas rada bailes no blakuspar\u0101d\u012bb\u0101m, ko var izrais\u012bt vakc\u012bnas. T\u012bnai ba\u017eas rada v\u0113lme, lai vi\u0146as b\u0113rnam b\u016btu sp\u0113c\u012bga \u201cdabiska\u201d notur\u012bba pret slim\u012bb\u0101m. Virspus\u0113jo ba\u017eu dzi\u013c\u0101kos virz\u012bt\u0101jsp\u0113kus psiholo\u0123ij\u0101 d\u0113v\u0113 par <\/span>attieksmes sakn\u0113m<\/span><\/a> (dzi\u013c\u0101kajiem c\u0113lo\u0146iem), un t\u0101s var motiv\u0113t cilv\u0113kus pie\u0137erties saviem maldiem, saskaroties ar maldu atsp\u0113kojumiem k\u0101 faktiem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bie\u017ei vien mums ir dabisks impulss labot mald\u012bgos uzskatus, ko dzirdam no citiem. Tom\u0113r p\u0113t\u012bjumi liecina \u2013 ja m\u0113s vispirms apstiprin\u0101m, ka izprotam cilv\u0113ku attieksmes saknes, tad varam sekm\u0113t to, ka vi\u0146i ir <\/span>atv\u0113rt\u0101ki savu m\u012btu p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161anai<\/span><\/a>, un t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di iesp\u0113jams palielin\u0101t vakc\u012bnu pie\u0146em\u0161anu. T\u0101tad, lai klied\u0113tu Toma ba\u017eas, m\u0113s var\u0113tu vispirms apliecin\u0101t vi\u0146am, ka ir norm\u0101li v\u0113l\u0113ties aizsarg\u0101t savu b\u0113rnu. Turpret\u012b, lai klied\u0113tu T\u012bnas ba\u017eas, pal\u012bdzo\u0161i var\u0113tu b\u016bt atz\u012bt, ka kopum\u0101 ir ieteicams izvair\u012bties no nevajadz\u012bgas medikamentu lieto\u0161anas. P\u0113c kontakta izveido\u0161anas un uztic\u0113\u0161an\u0101s pan\u0101k\u0161anas, m\u0113s varam turpin\u0101t vi\u0146u nepareizo uzskatu klied\u0113\u0161anu un dal\u012bties ar pla\u0161\u0101ku inform\u0101ciju par vakcin\u0101ciju.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0101 m\u0113s varam sagatavot vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbiniekus sarun\u0101m par vakc\u012bn\u0101m?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lab\u0101kais veids, k\u0101 klied\u0113t mald\u012bgus uzskatus par vakc\u012bn\u0101m, ir piel\u0101gotas, <\/span>uz dialogu v\u0113rstas pieejas<\/span><\/a>. Ja cilv\u0113ki var run\u0101t ar vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbiniekiem, kuriem vi\u0146i uzticas attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz medic\u012bniskiem padomiem, tas var b\u016bt <\/span>\u013coti efekt\u012bvi vakcin\u0113\u0161an\u0101s pie\u0146em\u0161anai<\/span><\/a>. \u0160\u0101das pieejas piem\u0113rs ir <\/span>emp\u0101tisk\u0101 atsp\u0113ko\u0161anas intervija<\/span><\/a> \u2013 \u010detru so\u013cu sist\u0113ma, kas struktur\u0113 sarunas par vakc\u012bn\u0101m, izmantojot iepriek\u0161 aprakst\u012btas uz pier\u0101d\u012bjumiem balst\u012btas metodes uztic\u0113\u0161an\u0101s veicin\u0101\u0161anai un klied\u0113 mald\u012bgus uzskatus, vienlaikus respekt\u0113jot cilv\u0113ku attieksmes saknes. \u0160\u0101da intervija tika izveidota <\/span>JITSUVAX projekta<\/span><\/a> ietvaros un t\u0101 balst\u0101s uz cit\u0101m pieej\u0101m, kas ietver dialogu, piem\u0113ram, <\/span>motiv\u0113jo\u0161o interviju<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tom\u0113r ne vienm\u0113r ir viegli iesaist\u012bties cie\u0146piln\u0101 dialog\u0101 ar pacientiem par vakcin\u0101ciju. Vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbinieki <\/span>var uztraukties par konflikta izrais\u012b\u0161anos<\/span><\/a> diskusijas laik\u0101. Daudzi vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbinieki <\/span>nav apm\u0101c\u012bti<\/span><\/a>, lai b\u016btu gatavi \u0161\u0101d\u0101m sarun\u0101m. Paties\u012bb\u0101, ja vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbinieki sa\u0146em apm\u0101c\u012bbu vai nor\u0101d\u012bjumus, tie parasti <\/span>balst\u0101s uz inform\u0101cij\u0101 b\u0101z\u0113tu pieeju<\/span><\/a>, faktu snieg\u0161anu, kas var b\u016bt neprodukt\u012bvi. JITSUVAX projekt\u0101 interv\u0113ja vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbiniekus, kuri raksturoja savu vajadz\u012bbu p\u0113c \u012bpa\u0161a atbalsta un strat\u0113\u0123ij\u0101m, ko vi\u0146i var\u0113tu izmantot, klied\u0113jot pacientu mald\u012bgos uzskatus par vakc\u012bn\u0101m.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

JITSUVAX projekta<\/span><\/a> ietvaros tika izstr\u0101d\u0101ti r\u012bki, lai pal\u012bdz\u0113tu vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes darbiniekiem izmantot emp\u0101tisko atsp\u0113kojo\u0161o interviju sarun\u0101s par vakc\u012bn\u0101m:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n