{"id":3047,"date":"2023-12-11T09:44:52","date_gmt":"2023-12-11T09:44:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=3047"},"modified":"2025-11-04T09:14:54","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T09:14:54","slug":"fancy-a-wee-walk-dyadic-behaviour-change-support-for-walking-after-stroke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/2023\/12\/fancy-a-wee-walk-dyadic-behaviour-change-support-for-walking-after-stroke\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cIziesim maz\u0101 pastaig\u0101?\u201d jeb di\u0101disks uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as atbalsts staig\u0101\u0161anas veicin\u0101\u0161anai p\u0113c insulta"},"content":{"rendered":"

Stefans Dombrovskis (<\/span>Stephan Dombrowski<\/span><\/i>), \u0145\u016bbransvikas Universit\u0101te, Kan\u0101da<\/span><\/p>\n

Staig\u0101\u0161ana att\u0101lina no n\u0101ves<\/b><\/p>\n

Staig\u0101\u0161ana ir viens no visvienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101kajiem cilv\u0113ka kust\u012bbu veidiem, un ar to tiek saist\u012bti daudzi ieguvumi vesel\u012bbai. <\/span>P\u0113t\u012bjumi<\/span><\/a> liecina: cilv\u0113kiem, kuri vair\u0101k staig\u0101, ir maz\u0101ks priek\u0161laic\u012bgas n\u0101ves risks, un tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka ir iesp\u0113jams aiziet no n\u0101ves (vismaz uz k\u0101du laiku).<\/span><\/p>\n

Staig\u0101\u0161ana un insults<\/b><\/p>\n

Staig\u0101\u0161ana k\u0101 fizisk\u0101s aktivit\u0101tes veids ir \u012bpa\u0161i noder\u012bga cilv\u0113kiem, kuri p\u0101rcietu\u0161i insultu, kas ir <\/span>viens no galvenajiem pieaugu\u0161o invalidit\u0101tes c\u0113lo\u0146iem<\/span><\/a>. Regul\u0101ras fizisk\u0101s aktivit\u0101tes p\u0113c insulta var samazin\u0101t insulta atk\u0101rto\u0161an\u0101s risku, pal\u012bdz\u0113t atvese\u013coties un uzlabot visp\u0101r\u0113jo funkcion\u0113\u0161anu, vesel\u012bbu un labkl\u0101j\u012bbu. Tom\u0113r cilv\u0113ki p\u0113c insulta aptuveni <\/span>75 % no nomoda stund\u0101m pavada s\u0113<\/span><\/a>\u017eot<\/span> \u2013 vair\u0101k nek\u0101 vi\u0146u vienaud\u017ei. Ta\u010du staig\u0101\u0161ana ir viens no viegl\u0101k \u012bstenojamiem fizisk\u0101s aktivit\u0101tes veidiem, un <\/span>95 % cilv\u0113ku sp\u0113j staig\u0101t 11 ned\u0113\u013cu laik\u0101 p\u0113c insulta<\/span><\/a>. Turkl\u0101t insultu p\u0101rcietu\u0161ie cilv\u0113ki staig\u0101\u0161anu <\/span>uzskata par v\u0113lam\u0101ko fizisk\u0101s aktivit\u0101tes veidu<\/span><\/a>, jo t\u0101 vi\u0146iem \u0161\u0137iet viegli pieejama, pat\u012bkama un nereti ar\u012b veicina socializ\u0113\u0161anos. Galvenais jaut\u0101jums ir \u0161\u0101ds: k\u0101 vislab\u0101k atbalst\u012bt insultu p\u0101rcietu\u0161os cilv\u0113kus, lai vi\u0146i staig\u0101tu vair\u0101k?<\/span><\/p>\n

Tev neb\u016bs j\u0101staig\u0101 vienam<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u0101di ak\u016bti vesel\u012bbas trauc\u0113jumi k\u0101 insults var atst\u0101t posto\u0161u ietekmi gan uz pa\u0161u insulta skarto, gan ar vi\u0146u saist\u012btajiem cilv\u0113kiem, tostarp laul\u0101tajiem, \u0123imenes locek\u013ciem un draugiem. Nelaimes br\u012b\u017eos, piem\u0113ram, ar vesel\u012bbu saist\u012btos dz\u012bves notikumos, <\/span>cilv\u0113ki parasti atbalsta cits citu<\/span><\/a>, lai pal\u012bdz\u0113tu tikt gal\u0101 ar notikuma ietekmi un atvese\u013co\u0161an\u0101s procesu. <\/span>P\u0113t\u012bjumi<\/span><\/a> liecina, ka tie cilv\u0113ki, kuri p\u0113c insulta p\u0101rcie\u0161anas veiksm\u012bgi (at)s\u0101ka fizisk\u0101s aktivit\u0101tes, piem\u0113ram, staig\u0101\u0161anu, parasti sa\u0146\u0113ma partneru atbalstu. Lai pal\u012bdz\u0113tu cilv\u0113kiem p\u0113c insulta ats\u0101kt staig\u0101\u0161anu, atbalsto\u0161ie partneri bie\u017ei vien intuit\u012bvi izmantoja vesel\u0101 sapr\u0101ta pieejas, veicot kop\u012bgas aktivit\u0101tes un izmantojot t\u0101das efekt\u012bvas metodes k\u0101 <\/span>m\u0113r\u0137u izvirz\u012b\u0161ana<\/span><\/a>, <\/span>m\u0113r\u0137u uzraudz\u012bba<\/span><\/a> un atgriezenisk\u0101 saite. <\/span>Kvalitat\u012bv\u0101 p\u0113t\u012bjum\u0101<\/span><\/a> ir noskaidrots, ka partneri izmantoja staig\u0101\u0161anu, lai veicin\u0101tu insultu p\u0101rcietu\u0161o cilv\u0113ku dal\u012bbu kop\u012bg\u0101s aktivit\u0101t\u0113s, kas vi\u0146iem bija patiku\u0161as pirms insulta. \u0160o pieeju var nosaukt par divpus\u0113ju jeb di\u0101disku intervenci, \u2013 ar to divi cilv\u0113ki (insultu p\u0101rcietu\u0161ais un vi\u0146a \u0123imenes loceklis) cen\u0161as sasniegt vienotu m\u0113r\u0137i (vair\u0101k staig\u0101t). Svar\u012bg\u0101kais jaut\u0101jums: vai m\u0113s varam pan\u0101kt, lai di\u0101disk\u0101s intervences notiktu bie\u017e\u0101k un sistem\u0101tisk\u0101k, izmantojot noteiktas intervences vai pakalpojumus?<\/span><\/p>\n

Izmantot to, kas darbojas\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Lai sistem\u0101tiski izmantotu di\u0101disko procesu k\u0101 atbalstu p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m, tika izstr\u0101d\u0101ta 12 ned\u0113\u013cu intervence \u201cM\u0113s staig\u0101jam\u201d, kuras m\u0113r\u0137is bija veicin\u0101t staig\u0101\u0161anu \u0101rpus telp\u0101m p\u0113c insulta. Programma \u201cM\u0113s staig\u0101jam\u201d (angl. \u201c<\/span>We Walk<\/span><\/i>\u201d) <\/span>tika r\u016bp\u012bgi izstr\u0101d\u0101ta<\/span><\/a>, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 uz cilv\u0113ku centr\u0113tus principus un psiholo\u0123ijas teoriju, un t\u0101 dod iesp\u0113ju insultu p\u0101rcietu\u0161ajam satikties ar apm\u0101c\u012btu koordinatoru jeb \u201cpastaigu draugu\u201d, kl\u0101tien\u0113 un att\u0101lin\u0101ti pa t\u0101lruni izmantojot da\u017e\u0101das struktur\u0113tas aktivit\u0101tes un metodes, piem\u0113ram, nov\u0113ro\u0161anu jeb uzraudz\u012bbu, <\/span>m\u0113r\u0137u izvirz\u012b\u0161anu<\/span><\/a> un <\/span>darb\u012bbas pl\u0101no\u0161anu<\/span><\/a>. Tika konstat\u0113ts, ka <\/span>intervenci<\/span><\/a> ir iesp\u0113jams \u012bstenot. Gan \u201cpastaigu draugam\u201d, gan insultu p\u0101rcietu\u0161ajam bija pie\u0146emama \u0161\u0101da staig\u0101\u0161anas veicin\u0101\u0161ana \u0101rpus telp\u0101m, \u2013 tas apliecina di\u0101disk\u0101s intervences potenci\u0101lu uzved\u012bbas izmai\u0146u atbalst\u012b\u0161an\u0101. K\u0101das atzi\u0146as var g\u016bt jau pa\u0161laik, kam\u0113r tiek veikti turpm\u0101ki p\u0113t\u012bjumi, lai pilnveidotu un p\u0101rbaud\u012btu \u0161o intervenci?<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u0101disk\u0101 intervence ir pal\u012bdzo\u0161a un sare\u017e\u0123\u012bta<\/b><\/p>\n

Di\u0101disk\u0101 intervence ir sare\u017e\u0123\u012bta, jo t\u0101 ir skar vair\u0101kus cilv\u0113kus un parasti balst\u0101s uz eso\u0161aj\u0101m attiec\u012bb\u0101m starp tiem. Past\u0101vo\u0161o attiec\u012bbu izmanto\u0161anai ir daudz priek\u0161roc\u012bbu, ta\u010du t\u0101 ir atkar\u012bga no attiec\u012bbu veida, kas abiem iesaist\u012btajiem ir sav\u0101 starp\u0101. Tas ietver t\u0101dus attiec\u012bbu aspektus k\u0101 uztic\u0113\u0161an\u0101s, god\u012bgums, cie\u0146a un komunik\u0101cijas mode\u013ci. \u0160ie apst\u0101k\u013ci bie\u017ei vien ir \u0101rpus di\u0101disk\u0101s intervences kontroles. Piem\u0113ram, da\u017ei programmas \u201cM\u0113s staig\u0101jam\u201d intervences dal\u012bbnieki uzsv\u0113ra smalko robe\u017eu starp uzmundrin\u0101\u0161anu un piebikst\u012b\u0161anu, par ko var uzskat\u012bt atk\u0101rtotus atg\u0101din\u0101jumus veikt m\u0113r\u0137a r\u012bc\u012bbu, ja nav j\u016btama progresa. Lai gan piebikst\u012b\u0161ana neietilpst <\/span>uzved\u012bbas izmai\u0146u meto\u017eu taksonomij\u0101<\/span><\/a>, k\u0101 ar\u012b t\u0101 netika iek\u013cauta k\u0101 metode programm\u0101 \u201cM\u0113s staig\u0101jam\u201d, soci\u0101l\u0101 atbalsta snieg\u0161anas strat\u0113\u0123ija da\u017eos kontekstos var p\u0101rtapt par bikst\u012b\u0161anu. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di di\u0101disk\u0101s uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as intervenc\u0113s un pakalpojumos j\u0101piev\u0113r\u0161 liela uzman\u012bba tam, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu, ka soci\u0101lais atbalsts atbilst insulta skart\u0101 cilv\u0113ka personiskaj\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m, lai maksim\u0101li palielin\u0101tu \u0161\u0101da veida intervences potenci\u0101lu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Praktiski ieteikumi:<\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Staig\u0101\u0161ana veicina vesel\u012bbu un samazina n\u0101ves risku: <\/b>daudzi cilv\u0113ki, ieskaitot ar\u012b cilv\u0113kus, kuriem ir fiziskas probl\u0113mas, ir iecien\u012bju\u0161i staig\u0101\u0161anu k\u0101 viegli pieejamu fizisk\u0101s aktivit\u0101tes veidu, un staig\u0101\u0161ana var\u0113tu b\u016bt viens no pirmajiem iesp\u0113jam\u0101s fizisk\u0101s aktivit\u0101tes veidiem, ko v\u0113rts apsv\u0113rt, it \u012bpa\u0161i mazkust\u012bgu cilv\u0113ku vid\u016b.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Koncentr\u0113jieties uz efekt\u012bvu \u201cre\u0101l\u0101s dz\u012bves\u201d praksi: <\/b>cilv\u0113ki bie\u017ei intuit\u012bvi izmanto efekt\u012bvas uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as metodes, un citiem var pal\u012bdz\u0113t, piev\u0113r\u0161ot uzman\u012bbu tam, kas darbojas re\u0101laj\u0101 pasaul\u0113.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Sistematiz\u0113ta intu\u012bcija: <\/b>noder\u012bgas strat\u0113\u0123ijas var izplat\u012bt, izstr\u0101d\u0101jot intervences vai pakalpojumus, kuru pamat\u0101 ir citiem noder\u012bgu prak\u0161u sistematiz\u0113\u0161ana. Lai veicin\u0101tu uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146u, vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes speci\u0101listiem ir svar\u012bgi str\u0101d\u0101t ar di\u0101diskaj\u0101s attiec\u012bb\u0101s iesaist\u012btajiem, lai apspriestu un vienotos par kop\u012bgiem pastaigu m\u0113r\u0137iem un kop\u012bgi pl\u0101notu, k\u0101 m\u0113r\u0137i tiks \u012bstenoti, l\u012bdztekus sekm\u0113jot progresa atspogu\u013co\u0161anu un m\u0113r\u0137u un pl\u0101nu p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161anu.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Past\u0101vo\u0161\u0101s attiec\u012bbas var sekm\u0113t vai kav\u0113t p\u0101rmai\u0146u m\u0113\u0123in\u0101jumus: <\/b>pal\u012bdzo\u0161as attiec\u012bbas ir t\u0101das, kur\u0101s ir nov\u0113rojama abpus\u0113ja iesaist\u012b\u0161an\u0101s, atbalsts un cie\u0146a vienam pret otru, k\u0101 ar\u012b gatav\u012bba kop\u012bgi rad\u012bt iesp\u0113jas t\u0101d\u0101m pastaig\u0101m, kuras pras\u012btu noteiktu piep\u016bli, bet b\u016btu ar\u012b interesantas, elast\u012bgi piem\u0113rojamas un piel\u0101gojamas insultu p\u0101rdz\u012bvoju\u0161\u0101 sp\u0113j\u0101m.<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Atbalstiet sadarbojoties: <\/b>\u201cpastaigu draugiem\u201d j\u0101pal\u012bdz izv\u0113l\u0113ties j\u0113gpilnus m\u0113r\u0137us, uz kuriem var\u0113tu balst\u012bties. Piem\u0113ram, g\u0101jiens l\u012bdz lielveikalam vai pastaiga pa parku da\u017eiem bija noz\u012bm\u012bg\u0101ks m\u0113r\u0137is nek\u0101 noteikts so\u013cu skaits dien\u0101 un pal\u012bdz\u0113ja att\u012bst\u012bt un uztur\u0113t motiv\u0101ciju, jo \u012bpa\u0161i t\u0101p\u0113c, ka so\u013cu skait\u012bt\u0101ji un citas valk\u0101jam\u0101s ier\u012bces \u0161aj\u0101 cilv\u0113ku grup\u0101 nereti tiek uztvertas ar nepatiku.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Tulkojusi And\u017eela Ber\u0137e<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    By Stephan Dombrowski, University of New Brunswick, Canada Walking away from death Walking is one of the most basic forms of human movement and is associated with a plethora of health benefits. Evidence suggests that those who walk more, are […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":3069,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,59,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-goal-setting","category-physical-activity","category-social-support"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"lv","enabled_languages":["en","id","my","bg","zh","hr","cz","da","de","es","fr","gr","he","it","ja","kr","lv","lt","hu","nl","no","pl","pt","ro","ru","sk","fi","sv","tr","uk"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"my":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"gr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"he":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3047","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3047"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3047\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4543,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3047\/revisions\/4543"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3069"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}