{"id":2828,"date":"2023-05-29T08:57:36","date_gmt":"2023-05-29T08:57:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=2828"},"modified":"2025-11-04T09:18:14","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T09:18:14","slug":"bringing-behaviour-change-techniques-into-practice-making-use-of-available-tools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/2023\/05\/bringing-behaviour-change-techniques-into-practice-making-use-of-available-tools\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>Uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as meto\u017eu ievie\u0161ana praks\u0113: pieejamo r\u012bku izmanto\u0161ana<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Marta Moreira Markesa (<em>Marta Moreira Marques<\/em>), Lisabonas NOVA universit\u0101te, Portug\u0101le<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as metodes ir uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as intervences pamatelementi. Lai ko j\u016bs m\u0113\u0123in\u0101tu izdar\u012bt \u2013 pal\u012bdz\u0113t klientam paaugstin\u0101t fizisko aktivit\u0101ti, atmest sm\u0113\u0137\u0113\u0161anu vai prec\u012bz\u0101k iev\u0113rot z\u0101\u013cu lieto\u0161anas sh\u0113mu \u2013, j\u016bsu r\u012bc\u012bb\u0101 ir uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as metodes. Izplat\u012bt\u0101k\u0101s uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as metodes ietver <a href=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/2018\/08\/how-to-set-goals-that-work\/\">m\u0113r\u0137u noteik\u0161anu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/2020\/05\/stop-being-an-ostrich-the-benefits-of-helping-people-to-monitor-their-progress\/\">pa\u0161uzraudz\u012bbu<\/a>, inform\u0101cijas snieg\u0161anu par uzved\u012bbu un emociju p\u0101rvald\u012bbu.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Daudzi speci\u0101listi praks\u0113, \u013coti iesp\u0113jams, ir izmantoju\u0161i da\u017e\u0101das uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as metodes, t\u0101s par t\u0101d\u0101m nenosaucot. Tom\u0113r, lai visefekt\u012bv\u0101k pal\u012bdz\u0113tu klientiem main\u012bt uzved\u012bbu, \u0161ie uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as pa\u0146\u0113mieni ir j\u0101piem\u0113ro sistem\u0101tiski un racion\u0101li (sk., piem\u0113ram, vesel\u012bbas psiholo\u0123ijas bloga rakstu \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/2018\/08\/how-to-set-goals-that-work\/\">K\u0101 nospraust efekt\u012bvus m\u0113r\u0137us?<\/a>\u201d). Tas rada divus sare\u017e\u0123\u012btus jaut\u0101jumus darbos aiz\u0146emtiem speci\u0101listiem:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>K\u0101 noskaidrot, k\u0101das uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as metodes man ir pieejamas?<\/li>\n<li>Kuras uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as metodes ir vispiem\u0113rot\u0101k\u0101s maniem klientiem un k\u0101 t\u0101s piem\u0113rot praks\u0113?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0160aj\u0101 rakst\u0101 ir sniegts p\u0101rskats par da\u017eiem no pieejamajiem bezmaksas r\u012bkiem, kas var pal\u012bdz\u0113t praktiz\u0113jo\u0161iem speci\u0101listiem risin\u0101t \u0161os jaut\u0101jumus un justies p\u0101rliecin\u0101t\u0101kiem par uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as pas\u0101kumu \u012bsteno\u0161anu praks\u0113.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> da\u013ca. Pieejamo uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as meto\u017eu identific\u0113\u0161ana: klasifik\u0101cijas sist\u0113mas<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>T\u0101 k\u0101 past\u0101v daudz uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as meto\u017eu, kuras iesp\u0113jams izv\u0113l\u0113ties, uzved\u012bbas zin\u0101tnieki ir centu\u0161ies izstr\u0101d\u0101t \u0161o meto\u017eu klasifik\u0101cijas sist\u0113mas.<\/p>\n<p>Iesp\u0113jams, visvisaptvero\u0161\u0101k\u0101 un vispla\u0161\u0101k izmantot\u0101 klasifik\u0101cija ir \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23512568\/\">Uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as meto\u017eu taksonomija v1<\/a>\u201d, ko izstr\u0101d\u0101ju\u0161i Uzved\u012bbas izmai\u0146u centra (<em>Centre for Behaviour Change<\/em>) p\u0113tnieki. \u0160aj\u0101 taksonomij\u0101 ietvertas 93 unik\u0101las metodes, aprakst\u0101 sniedzot metodes apz\u012bm\u0113jumu, defin\u012bciju un praktiskus piem\u0113rus. T\u0101 k\u0101 \u0161\u012b taksonomija ir pla\u0161i izmantota, tagad ir sam\u0113r\u0101 viegli atrast visbie\u017e\u0101k lietoto un efekt\u012bv\u0101ko pa\u0146\u0113mienu sint\u0113zi da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m vesel\u012bbas uzved\u012bbas form\u0101m, kontekstiem un popul\u0101cij\u0101m. \u0160\u012b taksonomija ir tulkota vair\u0101k\u0101s valod\u0101s, lai speci\u0101listiem vis\u0101 pasaul\u0113 to b\u016btu viegl\u0101k izmantot (piem., <a href=\"https:\/\/osf.io\/8hdjk\/files\/osfstorage\/63ea8727eeb8ff03e22113e5\">portug\u0101\u013cu versija<\/a>). Uzved\u012bbas izmai\u0146u centram ir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bct-taxonomy.com\/\">tie\u0161saistes<\/a> datub\u0101ze par intervenc\u0113m, izmantojot taksonomiju, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bct-taxonomy.com\/\">tie\u0161saistes apm\u0101c\u012bbas<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/BCTsappGoogle\">viedt\u0101lru\u0146a lietotne<\/a> un citi svar\u012bgi resursi, lai ieg\u016btu papildu inform\u0101ciju.<\/p>\n<p>Papildus tam past\u0101v ar\u012b citas klasifik\u0101cijas sist\u0113mas, kas var b\u016bt noder\u012bgas atkar\u012bb\u0101 no intervences m\u0113r\u0137a. Ja galvenais m\u0113r\u0137is ir atbalst\u012bt cilv\u0113kus vi\u0146iem piem\u0113rotu pa\u0161vad\u012btu meto\u017eu izv\u0113l\u0113, piem\u0113ram, hronisku slim\u012bbu pa\u0161p\u0101rvald\u012bbas kontekst\u0101, var iepaz\u012bties ar 123 meto\u017eu apkopojumu, kas ir pievienots <a href=\"https:\/\/static-content.springer.com\/esm\/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41562-019-0798-9\/MediaObjects\/41562_2019_798_MOESM1_ESM.pdf\">r\u012bku komplektam<\/a>, kur\u0101 viegli saprotam\u0101 veid\u0101 aprakst\u012btas da\u017e\u0101das metodes un to izmanto\u0161anas veidi.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> da\u013ca. Uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as meto\u017eu ievie\u0161ana praks\u0113: kompeten\u010du sist\u0113mas un apm\u0101c\u012bba <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Viens no jaut\u0101jumiem, kas var rasties, izlasot \u0161\u012b raksta pirmo da\u013cu, ir \u0161\u0101ds: \u201cLabi, tagad es zinu, k\u0101 piek\u013c\u016bt \u0161iem r\u012bkiem, lai identific\u0113tu, k\u0101das metodes ir pieejamas, bet k\u0101 lai es zinu, kuras izmantot, un k\u0101 es var\u0113tu uzzin\u0101t, k\u0101 t\u0101s \u012bstenot?\u201d Paties\u012bb\u0101 uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as atbalsta snieg\u0161anai un piem\u0113rotu uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as meto\u017eu piem\u0113ro\u0161anai ir nepiecie\u0161ama lietprat\u012bba, l\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 nepiecie\u0161amas zin\u0101\u0161anas un prakse, lai ieteiktu un piem\u0113rotu jebkura cita veida terapeitisko r\u012bku.<\/p>\n<p>Uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as meto\u017eu kopuma izmanto\u0161anai nepiecie\u0161am\u0101s kompetences var identific\u0113t kompeten\u010du sist\u0113m\u0101s. Eirop\u0101 ir izstr\u0101d\u0101ta visaptvero\u0161a <a href=\"https:\/\/bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12909-021-02720-w\">starpprofesion\u0101lo kompeten\u010du sist\u0113ma<\/a> vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes un citiem speci\u0101listiem, lai atbalst\u012btu uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146u un hronisku slim\u012bbu pa\u0161p\u0101rvald\u012bbu. \u0160\u012b sist\u0113ma sniedz pamatkompeten\u010du kopumu, kas nepiecie\u0161ams uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as atbalstam, un nosaka visnoder\u012bg\u0101k\u0101s metodes, lai main\u012btu uzved\u012bbu, piem\u0113ram, lai atbalst\u012btu noteiktas di\u0113tas, fizisko aktivit\u0101\u0161u un z\u0101\u013cu lieto\u0161anas re\u017e\u012bma iev\u0113ro\u0161anu.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160\u012bs iniciat\u012bvas (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.train4health.eu\/\"><em>Train4Health EU project<\/em><\/a>) ietvaros tika izveidoti ar\u012b citi svar\u012bgi resursi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nau.edu.pt\/en\/course\/behaviour-change-support-for-the-self-management-of-chronic-dise\/\">pla\u0161s tie\u0161saistes atkl\u0101tais kurss<\/a>, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu apm\u0101c\u012bbu vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes un citiem speci\u0101listiem un studentiem par to, k\u0101 sniegt atbalstu uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146ai (tostarp uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as meto\u017eu izmanto\u0161anai) hronisku slim\u012bbu pa\u0161p\u0101rvald\u012bb\u0101;<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.train4health.eu\/simulation\">t\u012bmek\u013ca lietojumprogramma<\/a>, kas pied\u0101v\u0101 dro\u0161u vidi uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as atbalsta apm\u0101c\u012bbai, kur\u0101 lietot\u0101ji sp\u0113l\u0113 vesel\u012bbas vai cita profesion\u0101\u013ca lomu un mijiedarbojas ar 2D virtu\u0101liem cilv\u0113kiem, kas sp\u0113l\u0113 hroniskas slim\u012bbas skartu personu lomas;<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/book\/10.1007\/978-3-031-20010-6\">br\u012bvi pieejama gr\u0101mata<\/a>, kas ietver piem\u0113rus un nor\u0101d\u012bjumus \u0161o meto\u017eu \u012bsteno\u0161anai.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Praktiski ieteikumi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Veltiet laiku, lai uzzin\u0101tu inform\u0101ciju par uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as metod\u0113m<\/strong>: da\u017e\u0101du uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as pa\u0146\u0113mienu, tostarp, da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s situ\u0101cij\u0101s izmantojamu meto\u017eu apg\u016b\u0161ana var b\u016btiski sekm\u0113t un atvieglot uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as atbalsta pas\u0101kumus pat \u012bs\u0101 saskarsm\u0113 ar klientiem. Izm\u0113\u0123iniet metodes jums piem\u0113rot\u0101 veid\u0101.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Noskaidrojiet iesp\u0113jas apm\u0101c\u012bbai par to, k\u0101 izmantot uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as metodes<\/strong>. \u0160eit sniegtie resursi var pal\u012bdz\u0113t jums s\u0101kt darbu, ta\u010du ar to viss neb\u016bt nebeidzas. Gan organiz\u0113jot m\u0101c\u012bbas uz\u0146\u0113mum\u0101, gan sazinoties ar profesion\u0101laj\u0101m asoci\u0101cij\u0101m, iesp\u0113jams apg\u016bt prasmes da\u017e\u0101du uzved\u012bbas mai\u0146as meto\u017eu sekm\u012bgai izmanto\u0161anai praks\u0113. Da\u017e\u0101s valst\u012bs profesion\u0101l\u0101s un akad\u0113misk\u0101s instit\u016bcijas jau pied\u0101v\u0101 apm\u0101c\u012bbas un citus resursus. Varat ar\u012b sazin\u0101ties ar <a href=\"https:\/\/ehps.net\/national-delegates\/\">Eiropas Vesel\u012bbas psiholo\u0123ijas savien\u012bbas<\/a> nacion\u0101lajiem p\u0101rst\u0101vjiem, ja v\u0113laties ieg\u016bt vair\u0101k inform\u0101cijas par apm\u0101c\u012bbu iesp\u0113j\u0101m, kas pieejamas j\u016bsu valst\u012b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tulkoju\u0161as And\u017eela Ber\u0137e un Krist\u012bne M\u0101rtinsone<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Marta Moreira Marques, NOVA University of Lisbon, Portugal Behaviour change techniques are the building blocks of behavior change interventions. Whether you are trying to help someone increase their physical activity, stop smoking or better adhere to a medication regimen, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2867,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2828","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-behavioural-theory"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"lv","enabled_languages":["en","id","my","bg","zh","hr","cz","da","de","es","fr","gr","he","it","ja","kr","lv","lt","hu","nl","no","pl","pt","ro","ru","sk","fi","sv","tr","uk"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"my":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"gr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"he":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2828","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2828"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2828\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4547,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2828\/revisions\/4547"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2828"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2828"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2828"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}