{"id":5019,"date":"2026-06-21T23:55:56","date_gmt":"2026-06-21T23:55:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?post_type=module&#038;p=5019"},"modified":"2026-09-10T09:20:16","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:20:16","slug":"module-5","status":"publish","type":"module","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/gr\/module\/module-5\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 COVID-19 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd 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\u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 COVID-19, \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 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\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1. \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u0391\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1-\u03b4\u03c5\u03bf \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 1: \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/hea0000116\">\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u00ab\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb,<\/a> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2: \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, <a href=\"https:\/\/repository.essex.ac.uk\/29625\/1\/The%20COVID-19%20Vaccine%20Communication%20Handbook.pdf\">\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u00ab\u03c3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c4\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2\u00bb: \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03cd\u03b8\u03bf, \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 2: \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-016-3685-3\">\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2<\/a> \u2014 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u2014 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b8\u03ce. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pec.2023.107752\">\u0391\u03c6\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/a> \u2014 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u2014 \u03ae <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0018720817690634\">\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/a>, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b9\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b7 \u03ad\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1. \u0399\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc) \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 3: \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10410236.2017.1331305\">\u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a> \u2014 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1, \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10463283.2024.2334563\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2-\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a> (\u00ab\u0391\u03bd \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b1&#8230;\u00bb) \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2. \u039f\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0395\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c1\u03b5\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03bf\u03b9 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