{"id":4306,"date":"2025-08-05T13:04:38","date_gmt":"2025-08-05T13:04:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=4306"},"modified":"2026-04-09T07:47:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T07:47:21","slug":"mylifetool-a-person-centred-holistic-approach-to-the-self-management-of-long-term-conditions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/2025\/08\/mylifetool-a-person-centred-holistic-approach-to-the-self-management-of-long-term-conditions\/","title":{"rendered":"MyLifeTool: P\u0159\u00edstup zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na \u010dlov\u011bka a jeho pot\u0159eby p\u0159i zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dr Stephanie K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7, Teesside University, UK and Jo Cole, the Tees Valley, Durham and North Yorkshire Neurological Alliance, UK<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dlouhodob\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdzvu pro zdravotnick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b vzhledem k <\/span>vysok\u00e9 prevalenci<\/span><\/a> a <\/span>z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei, kterou p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed – v\u010detn\u011b jejich v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed \u017eivota ve zdrav\u00ed v d\u016fsledku nemoc\u00ed a posti\u017een\u00ed.<\/span><\/a> Tato onemocn\u011bn\u00ed rovn\u011b\u017e <\/span>v\u00fdznamn\u011b sni\u017euj\u00ed kvalitu \u017eivota souvisej\u00edc\u00ed se zdrav\u00edm<\/span><\/a> a jsou spojena <\/span>s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdskytem \u00fazkosti a deprese<\/span><\/a> ne\u017e u b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 populace.<\/span><\/p>\n

MyLifeTool<\/span><\/a> je n\u00e1stroj na podporu samostatn\u00e9ho zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010den\u00fd lidem \u017eij\u00edc\u00edm s jak\u00fdmkoliv dlouhodob\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm (nap\u0159. diabetes, roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za, chronick\u00e1 bolest, astma, \u00fazkosti, neurov\u00fdvojov\u00e9 poruchy, z\u00edskan\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed mozku, fibromyalgie). Vyv\u00edjen byl ve spolupr\u00e1ci s lidmi s dlouhodob\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, \u010dleny organizace <\/span>Neuro Key<\/span><\/a> a psychology z Teesside University. Z\u00e1kladem tohoto n\u00e1stroje je n\u00e1\u0161 <\/span>syst\u00e9m pro podporu zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/span><\/a> kter\u00fd je zam\u011b\u0159en na \u010dlov\u011bka a je bez instrukc\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 s dlouhodob\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00edmi pot\u00ed\u017eemi st\u00e1li v centru cel\u00e9ho projektu \u2014 rozhodovali o tom, jak bude MyLifeTool vypadat, a sami vybrali jeho n\u00e1zev.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edstup k sebe\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n

Strategie sebe\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed u chronick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed <\/span>se \u010dasto zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na medic\u00ednsk\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky a kontroln\u00ed postupy<\/span><\/a> nebo na zm\u011bnu chov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e <\/span>opom\u00edjej\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a vztahov\u00fd kontext.<\/span><\/a>Alternativn\u011b lze samostatn\u00e9 zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ch\u00e1pat jako <\/span>celo\u017eivotn\u00ed a prom\u011bnliv\u00fd proces<\/span><\/a>, kter\u00fd se p\u0159izp\u016fsobuje \u017eivotn\u00edm okolnostem a kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu se navrhuje <\/span>p\u0159echod od instruktivn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f ke zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a> sm\u011brem k takov\u00fdm, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed samostatn\u00e9 prom\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed a rozvoj vlastn\u00edch zdroj\u016f. Sebe\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed proto vn\u00edm\u00e1me jako cestu k <\/span>nalezen\u00ed nebo udr\u017een\u00ed smyslu a c\u00edle v \u017eivot\u011b<\/span><\/a>. Jde o nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fd proces, k n\u011bmu\u017e lid\u00e9 p\u0159istupuj\u00ed ze sv\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edho pohledu \u2013 v souladu se sv\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem, c\u00edli, pot\u0159ebami a m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm se zdravotn\u00edm stavem. V centru pozornosti je \u010dlov\u011bk, nikoli diagn\u00f3za. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto klade MyLifeTool velk\u00fd d\u016fraz na to, aby se u\u017eivatel\u00e9 sami zam\u00fd\u0161leli nad t\u00edm, kter\u00e9 strategie sebe\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jim vyhovuj\u00ed \u2013 a kter\u00e9 nikoli.<\/span><\/p>\n

Struktura MyLife Tool<\/b><\/p>\n

MyLifeTool tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u011bt bro\u017eur, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 aktivity z oblasti pozitivn\u00ed psychologie a podporuj\u00ed u\u017eivatele v objevov\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edch siln\u00fdch str\u00e1nek. V\u00fdzkumy ukazuj\u00ed, <\/span>\u017ee smyslupln\u00fd \u017eivot je pro lidi s dlouhodob\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd<\/span><\/a> a <\/span>souvis\u00ed s osobn\u00edm r\u016fstem i lep\u0161\u00edmi zdravotn\u00edmi v\u00fdsledky.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Kniha 1: \u201cJ\u00e1 a m\u016fj stav\u201d,<\/b> zam\u011b\u0159uje se na identitu a na to, jak se za\u010d\u00edt vn\u00edmat v pozitivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sv\u011btle. Je o v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed laskavosti k sob\u011b sam\u00e9mu a o uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed si, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk nen\u00ed definov\u00e1n svou diagn\u00f3zou. Bro\u017eura obsahuje aktivity, kter\u00e9 povzbuzuj\u00ed k zamy\u0161len\u00ed nad t\u00edm, kdo jsme, jak\u00e9 m\u00e1me hodnoty a co od sebe o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kniha 2<\/b>:<\/span> \u201cP\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bla\u201d, <\/b>zab\u00fdv\u00e1 se pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00edm a rozvr\u017een\u00edm aktivit, jak je \u010dasto v\u00edd\u00e1me v programech zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Aktivity povzbuzuj\u00ed k naslouch\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edmu t\u011blu, k rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed moment\u016f, kdy jsme toho ud\u011blali p\u0159\u00edli\u0161, a k zamy\u0161len\u00ed nad zp\u016fsoby, jak l\u00e9pe pracovat s vlastn\u00ed energi\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kniha 3: \u201cP\u0159evzet\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti\u201d,<\/b> je zam\u011b\u0159ena na rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edch siln\u00fdch str\u00e1nek, budov\u00e1n\u00ed odolnosti a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00fdch dn\u016f naplno. Podporuje aktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ke zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed skrze lep\u0161\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed vlastn\u00edmu stavu a jeho m\u00edstu v \u017eivot\u011b. Aktivity zahrnuj\u00ed stanovov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f a uv\u011bdomov\u00e1n\u00ed si siln\u00fdch str\u00e1nek.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kniha 4: \u201cSpojen\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi\u201d,<\/b> rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eitost p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed podpory, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ednosy poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed podpory druh\u00fdm \u2013 oboj\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee pos\u00edlit pocit smyslu a \u017eivotn\u00edho napln\u011bn\u00ed. Aktivity se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na to, jak komunikovat sv\u00e9 pot\u0159eby v\u016f\u010di druh\u00fdm \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e jde o rodinu a p\u0159\u00e1tele, nebo zdravotn\u00edky a dal\u0161\u00ed odborn\u00edky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kniha 5<\/b>: <\/span>\u201cCo je pro m\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9\u201d,<\/b> zam\u011b\u0159uje se na to, co \u010dlov\u011bku dod\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl \u017eivota a jak si naj\u00edt \u010das s\u00e1m pro sebe. Lid\u00e9 nach\u00e1zej\u00ed smysl r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby \u2013 t\u00edm, \u017ee z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed aktivn\u00ed, maj\u00ed d\u016fvod vst\u00e1t r\u00e1no z postele nebo si kladou v\u00fdzvy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reflexn\u00ed se\u0161it<\/b><\/p>\n

Pro podporu reflexe obsahuje MyLifeTool tak\u00e9 kreativn\u00ed z\u00e1pisn\u00edk \u2013 prostor, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1h\u00e1 lidem p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o sv\u00fdch zku\u0161enostech, c\u00edlech a dosa\u017een\u00fdch pokroc\u00edch. Tento z\u00e1pisn\u00edk je otev\u0159en\u00fd a nedirektivn\u00ed, tak\u017ee jej ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edt zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd mu vyhovuje \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch kreativn\u00edch technik, nebo jednodu\u0161e jako den\u00edk. <\/span>Pr\u00e1v\u011b takov\u00e9 tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy<\/span><\/a> mohou lidem umo\u017enit hlub\u0161\u00ed zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edch pro\u017eitk\u016f a reflexi jejich v\u00fdznamu autenti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem.<\/span><\/p>\n

MyLifeTool je vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n organizacemi neziskov\u00e9ho sektoru a odborn\u00edky v oblasti du\u0161evn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii. Je <\/span>voln\u011b dostupn\u00fd online<\/span><\/a> \u2013 jak pro lidi s dlouhodob\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, tak pro odborn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed jej mohou vyu\u017e\u00edt p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s klienty nebo pacienty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evaluace MyLifeTool<\/b><\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvali MyLifeTool po dobu 12 t\u00fddn\u016f<\/span><\/a>, jej hodnotili jako u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro podporu zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, osobn\u00edho rozvoje a pos\u00edlen\u00ed p\u0159ijet\u00ed \u017eivota s dlouhodob\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm. M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed du\u0161evn\u00ed pohody p\u0159ed a po pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1stroje nav\u00edc uk\u00e1zala zlep\u0161en\u00ed v oblastech sebed\u016fv\u011bry (self-efficacy), pos\u00edlen\u00ed kompetenc\u00ed (empowerment) a schopnosti rozvrhnout si energii v \u010dase (pacing).<\/span><\/p>\n

Praktick\u00e1 dopou\u010den\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n

Vn\u00edmejme \u010dlov\u011bka, ne diagn\u00f3zu<\/b>: dlouhodob\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed v\u0161echny aspekty \u017eivota. M\u016f\u017eeme lidi podpo\u0159it v tom, aby p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161leli o tom, jak jejich onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zapad\u00e1 do jejich \u017eivota \u2013 s ohledem na mo\u017en\u00e9 zm\u011bny zdravotn\u00edho stavu, \u017eivotn\u00edch okolnost\u00ed, pot\u0159eb i budouc\u00edch c\u00edl\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sebe\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fd process: <\/b>\u010dlov\u011bk se nem\u016f\u017ee nau\u010dit zvl\u00e1dat sv\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed pouze absolvov\u00e1n\u00edm kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho kurzu. Dlouhodob\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed mohou p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat cel\u00fd \u017eivot a jejich p\u0159\u00edznaky i dopady se mohou v \u010dase m\u011bnit. Podpora reflexe vlastn\u00edho sebe\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee lidem pomoci p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se zm\u011bn\u00e1m v \u017eivotn\u00edch okolnostech i ve zdravotn\u00edm stavu v del\u0161\u00edm \u010dasov\u00e9m horizontu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Smysl a c\u00edl: <\/b>podporujme lidi s dlouhodob\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi v tom, aby se zam\u00fd\u0161leli nad t\u00edm, co jim v \u017eivot\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed smysl a pocit napln\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na siln\u00e9 str\u00e1nky: u<\/b>\u017eivatel\u00e9 MyLifeTool oce\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee se n\u00e1stroj zam\u011b\u0159uje na to, co lid\u00e9 s dlouhodob\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm dok\u00e1\u017eou \u2013 m\u00edsto toho, co nemohou.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By\u00a0Dr Stephanie K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7, Teesside University, UK and Jo Cole, the Tees Valley, Durham and North Yorkshire Neurological Alliance, UK\u00a0 Long-term conditions are a major concern for global health care systems given their high prevalence and disease burden, including their significant […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":4309,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"By\u00a0Dr Stephanie K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7, Teesside University, UK and Jo Cole, the Tees Valley, Durham and North Yorkshire Neurological Alliance, UK\u00a0<\/strong>\n\nLong-term conditions are a major concern for global health care systems given their <\/span>high prevalence<\/span><\/a> and <\/span>disease burden, including their significant impact on disability-adjusted life years.<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 They also have a significant <\/span>negative impact on health-related quality of life<\/span><\/a> and are associated with <\/span>higher rates of anxiety and depression<\/span><\/a> than the general population.<\/span>\n\nMyLifeTool<\/span><\/a> is a self-management tool for people living with any long-term condition (e.g. diabetes, multiple sclerosis, chronic pain, asthma, anxiety, neurodevelopmental conditions, Acquired Brain Injury, Fibromyalgia).\u00a0 It was developed in partnership with people with long-term conditions, members of <\/span>Neuro Key<\/span><\/a> and psychologists from Teesside University.\u00a0 It is underpinned by our <\/span>self-management framework<\/span><\/a> which takes a person-centred, non-instructive perspective on self-management.\u00a0 People with long-term conditions were at the heart of the project, forging the decisions on what MyLifeTool would become and choosing the name.<\/span>\n\nOur approach to self-management<\/b>\n\nSelf-management strategies for long-term conditions often <\/span>focus on medical outcomes and management strategies<\/span><\/a> and are too concerned with behaviour change, <\/span>neglecting the social and relational context<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0 Alternatively, self-management of long-term conditions can be viewed as a <\/span>lifelong, fluid process<\/span><\/a> which can change depending on life circumstances and symptom fluctuation.\u00a0 As a result, there are proposals to <\/span>move from instructional self-management approaches<\/span><\/a> to ones which support people to consider and develop their own self-management resources. With this in mind, we view self-management is a journey towards <\/span>finding or maintaining meaning and purpose in life<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0 It is an ongoing process that people approach from their own perspective, to fit with their life, aims and needs and changes in their condition.\u00a0 It is also about the person, not the diagnosis.\u00a0 For this reason, a large part of MyLifeTool requires users to reflect upon which self-management strategies do and do not work for them.<\/span>\n\nHow MyLifeTool is structured<\/b>\n\nMyLifeTool comprises five booklets which contain different positive psychology activities, encouraging people to explore their strengths.\u00a0 Research has found that <\/span>living a purposeful life is important to people with long-term conditions<\/span><\/a> and is <\/span>associated with personal growth and better health outcomes<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\n\nBook 1: \u201cMe and my condition\u201d,<\/b> focuses on identity and starting to see yourself in a more positive light.\u00a0 It is about being kinder to yourself and recognising that you are not defined by your condition.\u00a0 The booklet contains activities to encourage people to think about who they are, their values and what they expect from themselves.<\/span>\n\nBook 2<\/b>:<\/span> \u201cEmbracing my body\u201d, <\/b>explores planning and pacing strategies that you often see in self-management programmes.\u00a0 Activities encourage you to listen to your body, recognise when you have done too much and reflect upon ways to manage your energy levels.\u00a0<\/span>\n\nBook 3: \u201cTaking charge\u201d,<\/b> is about recognising your strengths, building resilience and making the most of the good days. It encourages you to be more active in your condition management by learning more about your condition and how it fits within your life.\u00a0 Activities include goal setting and recognising strengths.<\/span>\n\nBook 4: \u201cConnecting with others\u201d,<\/b> recognises the importance of receiving support, as well as the benefits of giving support to others, as both can enhance meaning and purpose in life.\u00a0 Activities explore how to communicate your needs to others, such as family and friends, but also medical practitioners and other professionals.<\/span>\n\nBook 5<\/b>: <\/span>\u201cWhat's important to me\u201d,<\/b> considers what gives you purpose in life and how you can find time for yourself.\u00a0 People find purpose in a variety of different ways: keeping busy; having a reason to get out of bed in the morning; challenging themselves.<\/span>\n\nThe Reflective Scrapbook<\/b>\n\nTo support reflection, MyLifeTool contains a scrapbook; a creative space that can help people to think about their experiences, aims and achievements.\u00a0 T<\/span>he scrapbook is open and non-directive, so people can use various creative activities techniques that suit them, or they can use the scrapbook as a diary if they prefer.\u00a0 <\/span>Creative approaches<\/span><\/a> like this can enable people to explore their experiences in detail and reflect upon their meaning in more authentic ways.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\n\nMyLifeTool is used by UK-based voluntary sector organisations and mental health practitioners. It <\/span>is available for free <\/span>online<\/span><\/a> for people with long-term conditions to use themselves or for practitioners to use with patients\/clients.<\/span>\n\nEvaluation of MyLifeTool<\/b>\n\nPeople who used MyLifeTool for 12 weeks<\/span><\/a> found it beneficial in supporting their self-management, personal growth and enhancing their acceptance of living with a long-term condition.\u00a0 Wellbeing measures taken before and after using the tool also show improvements in self-efficacy, empowerment and pacing ability.<\/span>\n\nPractical recommendations<\/b>\n\nSee the whole person, not the diagnosis<\/b>: Long-term conditions affect all aspects of a person\u2019s life.\u00a0 We can support people to reflect on how their condition fits into their lives, taking into consideration potential changes in their condition, life circumstances, needs and aims for the future.<\/span>\n\nSelf-management is ongoing<\/b>: A person cannot learn to self-manage their condition(s) by taking part in a short course.\u00a0 Long-term conditions are potentially life-long and symptoms and impact can fluctuate.\u00a0 Encouraging people to reflect on their self-management can support them to adapt to changes in their life circumstances and condition long term.<\/span>\n\nMeaning and purpose<\/b>: Support people with long-term conditions to reflect upon and explore what gives them meaning and purpose in life.<\/span>\n\nFocus on strengths<\/b>: People who have used MyLifeTool have valued the way it focuses on what people with long-term conditions can do, rather than what they can\u2019t 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