{"id":1683,"date":"2020-05-18T15:57:50","date_gmt":"2020-05-18T15:57:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/?p=1683"},"modified":"2025-11-04T14:18:37","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T14:18:37","slug":"stop-being-an-ostrich-the-benefits-of-helping-people-to-monitor-their-progress","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/2020\/05\/stop-being-an-ostrich-the-benefits-of-helping-people-to-monitor-their-progress\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159esta\u0148te se chovat jako p\u0161trosi a strkat hlavu do p\u00edsku. Aneb jak je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 pomoci lidem, aby sledovali sv\u016fj pokrok"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Thomas L. Webb, Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, the UK<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jak se v\u00e1m da\u0159\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout c\u00edle sn\u00ed\u017eit mno\u017estv\u00ed cukru, kter\u00e9 jste sn\u011bdli, a zhubnout 10 kg?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee to ani netu\u0161\u00edte \u2013 nebo dokonce ani nechcete v\u011bd\u011bt. V\u00a0situac\u00edch, jako je tato, maj\u00ed lid\u00e9 tendenci b\u00fdt\/chovat se jako p\u0161trosi, kte\u0159\u00ed strkaj\u00ed hlavu do p\u00edsku. Neboli z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b se vyh\u00fdbat (\u010di odm\u00edtat) informac\u00edm, kter\u00e9 by jim mohly pomoci sledovat jejich pokrok na cest\u011b k\u00a0c\u00edli. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00fdzkum problematiky \u201ep\u0161trosa strkaj\u00edc\u00edho\u00a0hlavu do\u00a0p\u00edsku\u201c ukazuje, \u017ee lid\u00e9 si \u010dasto trajektorii sv\u00e9ho posunu nezapisuj\u00ed\/neeviduj\u00ed (nap\u0159. postup na \u0161k\u00e1le p\u0159i hubnut\u00ed, \u010dten\u00ed obsahu \u017eivin v\u00a0kupovan\u00fdch potravin\u00e1ch). Je to \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b proto, \u017ee kdyby to d\u011blali, mohli by se za\u010d\u00edt c\u00edtit \u0161patn\u011b, nap\u0159. pokud by si uv\u011bdomili, \u017ee v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v\u00edce nebo konzumuj\u00ed st\u00e1le p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho cukru, ne\u017e si mysleli. Ale teorie a data z\u00a0v\u00fdzkum\u016f ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee sledov\u00e1n\u00ed pokroku je doporu\u010den\u00e1 \u010dinnost, kter\u00e1 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 lidem identifikovat diskrepance\/rozd\u00edly mezi sou\u010dasn\u00fdm a \u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm stavem. D\u016fsledkem vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se monitoringu chov\u00e1n\u00ed je tak\u00e9 to, \u017ee pro lidi b\u00fdv\u00e1 obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 sv\u00e9 pot\u0159eby identifikovat a vybrat si nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak jednat ve\u00a0prosp\u011bch jejich dosa\u017een\u00ed. Probl\u00e9m \u201ap\u0161trosa\u201c proto ukazuje na p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\/mo\u017enost, kterou maj\u00ed profesion\u00e1lov\u00e9 z\u00a0oblasti p\u00e9\u010de o zdrav\u00ed (a dal\u0161\u00ed odborn\u00edci) k tomu, aby pomohli lidem monitorovat jejich pokrok a p\u0159isvojit si u\u017eitek z\u00a0t\u00e9to \u010dinnosti. Nen\u00ed tedy p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9, \u017ee profesion\u00e1lov\u00e9 maj\u00ed p\u016fsobit na lidi tak, aby sv\u016fj pokrok sledovali, nebo\u0165 jim to pom\u016f\u017ee p\u0159i dosahov\u00e1n\u00ed mnoha c\u00edl\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrnuje zhodnocen\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu v\u00a0dan\u00e9 situaci (nap\u0159. kolik cukru, kdy a kde zkonzumuji za den) a srovn\u00e1vat to s\u00a0dan\u00fdm c\u00edlem nebo referen\u010dn\u00ed hodnotou (nap\u0159. maximum bude 6 \u010dajov\u00fdch l\u017ei\u010dek cukru za den). To lze d\u011blat pomoc\u00ed di\u00e1\u0159e nebo jednodu\u0161e na pap\u00ed\u0159e, ale ji\u017e jsou dostupn\u00e9 i digit\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 pomohou lidem jejich pokrok monitorovat \u2013 a opravdu se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 mluvit o hnut\u00ed zvan\u00e9 \u201ekvantifikovan\u00e9 self\u201c. Nap\u0159. na\u0161e telefony\/mobily automaticky zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed, kolik krok\u016f jsme u\u0161li, hodiny sleduj\u00ed, jak dlouho a kvalitn\u011b jsme spali a lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed aplikace mohou skenovat \u010d\u00e1rov\u00e9 k\u00f3dy na obalech potravin, aby zjistili jejich nutri\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti. Mnoho z\u00a0t\u011bchto pom\u016fcek, n\u00e1stroj\u016f n\u00e1m dokonce doporu\u010duje stanovit si c\u00edl a pak porovnat n\u00e1\u0161 pokrok\/postup na cest\u011b k\u00a0n\u011bmu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto n\u00e1stroj\u016f k\u00a0monitoringu pokroku m\u016f\u017ee lidem pomoci identifikovat, kdy a jak nejl\u00e9pe za\u010d\u00edt. Nap\u0159. skenov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1rov\u00fdch k\u00f3d\u016f na balen\u00fdch potravin\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1pomocno \u010dlov\u011bku, kter\u00fd se pokou\u0161\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit konzumaci cukru k\u00a0uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed si, kolik cukru je ve\u00a0sklenici pomeran\u010dov\u00e9ho d\u017eusu nebo v misce obilovin, a pomoci jim (p\u0159esunout se) k alternativ\u00e1m s\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm pom\u011brem cukru. Monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed tak m\u016f\u017ee formovat z\u00e1kladn\u00ed intervence k\u00a0dosa\u017een\u00ed zdrav\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f. Existuj\u00ed d\u016fkazy, \u017ee monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed pokroku je je\u0161t\u011b efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pokud je kombinov\u00e1no s\u00a0technikami, je\u017e pomohou lidem stanovit vhodn\u00e9 c\u00edle, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e tento monitoring aktivn\u011b upozorn\u00ed, pokud je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed zm\u011bna \u010dinnosti \u010di akce k\u00a0jejich zd\u00e1rn\u00e9mu spln\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Proto\u017ee lid\u00e9 mohou m\u00edt k z\u00edskan\u00fdm informac\u00edm\u00a0defenzivn\u00ed postoj (obrann\u00fd postoj) (nap\u0159. mohou tvrdit, \u017ee z\u00e1znam neukazuje jejich typick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo \u017ee monitoruj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroj je asi nep\u0159esn\u00fd), mohou jim napomoci psychologick\u00e9 techniky jako je sebe-potvrzen\u00ed (povzbuzen\u00ed lid\u00ed k upevn\u011bn\u00ed hodnotn\u00e9 str\u00e1nky) k p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu hodnocen\u00ed informac\u00ed i jejich d\u016fsledk\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Praktick\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed pokroku \u010dasto zahrnuje jednoduchou identifikaci, jak chov\u00e1n\u00ed a jeho dopady monitorovat (nap\u0159. v aplikaci nebo v di\u00e1\u0159i) a povzbuzuje odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed je i d\u00e1le vyu\u017e\u00edvat. Av\u0161ak jak bylo ji\u017e v\u00fd\u0161e pops\u00e1no, lid\u00e9 \u010dasto schov\u00e1vaj\u00ed hlavu do p\u00edsku a sv\u016fj progres nemonitoruj\u00ed. Vy pak m\u016f\u017eete:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pomozte lidem identifikovat to, co mohou monitorovat. Nap\u0159. pokud se pokou\u0161ej\u00ed zhubnout, p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lejte, zda je lep\u0161\u00ed monitorovat fyzick\u00e9 aktivity nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e kalorick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem; v\u00fdsledky jako jsou v\u00e1ha nebo objem pasu anebo kombinaci oboj\u00edho? N\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdzkum ukazuje, \u017ee lid\u00e9 by m\u011bli b\u00fdt povzbuzov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0tom, aby monitorovali cokoli z\u00a0toho, v\u00a0\u010dem se cht\u011bj\u00ed zm\u011bnit; a\u0165 ji\u017e jde o v\u00fdsledek, chov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo oboje.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pomozte lidem si objektivn\u011bji uv\u011bdomovat informace, kter\u00e9 skrze monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edskali. D\u016fkazy ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee sebeafirma\u010dn\u00ed strategie mohou zabr\u00e1nit lidem v\u00a0defenziv\u011b \u2013 \u010dili aby se br\u00e1nili z\u00edskan\u00fdm informac\u00edm. Pokud m\u00e1te podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee na monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo v\u00fdsledk\u016f reaguj\u00ed defenzivn\u011b, pak jim m\u016f\u017eete pomoci p\u0159ijmout informaci t\u00edm, \u017ee je p\u0159ed proveden\u00edm monitoringu povzbud\u00edte a pom\u016f\u017eete jim uv\u011bdomit si n\u011bjak\u00fd hodnotn\u00fd aspekt jejich J\u00e1 (nap\u0159. \u017ee jsou laskav\u00fdm a rozumn\u00fdm \u010dlov\u011bkem).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Podpo\u0159te lidi v\u00a0kon\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u011bn, o nich\u017e d\u00edky monitoringu v\u00edte, \u017ee mohou b\u00fdt pot\u0159ebn\u00e9. Identifikace pot\u0159eby jednat a b\u00fdt motivov\u00e1n n\u011bco d\u011blat je pouze prvn\u00ed krok p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed zm\u011bny. Pokud lid\u00e9 budou pot\u0159ebovat pomoci p\u0159en\u00e9st jejich dobr\u00e9 z\u00e1m\u011bry do jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, nab\u00eddn\u011bte jim, aby si vytvo\u0159ili pl\u00e1ny \u201ejestli\u017ee \u2013 tak\u201c, v nich\u017e mohou specifikovat, kdy, kde a jak budou jednat. Nap\u0159. kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo zjist\u00ed, \u017ee j\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho cukru, mohl by si napl\u00e1novat \u201ekdy\u017e budu sn\u00eddat, pak si d\u00e1m rad\u011bji ovesn\u00e9 vlo\u010dky ne\u017e cornflakes\u201c.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0P\u0159eklad: Tereza Kimplov\u00e1 a Renata Hacklov\u00e1<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Thomas L. Webb, Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, the UK How are you getting on with your goal to reduce the amount of sugar that you eat and lose 10kg? Chances are that you don\u2019t really know [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1687,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1683","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-self-regulation"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"cz","enabled_languages":["en","id","my","bg","zh","hr","cz","da","de","es","fr","gr","he","it","ja","kr","lv","lt","hu","nl","no","pl","pt","ro","ru","sk","fi","sv","tr","uk"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"my":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"cz":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"gr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"he":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"kr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1683","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1683"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1683\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4590,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1683\/revisions\/4590"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1683"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1683"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/practicalhealthpsychology.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1683"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}